266 THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 



map of 1686, as I find in my photograph from the original, has it CAMOURASKA, 

 applied to the Islands. The word has every appearance of an Indian origin, on 

 which assumption its form suggests naturally two roots, KAM and OURASKA, the 

 latter, however, in view of the constant replacement of the Indian R by L in words 

 adopted by the French, being necessarily OULASKA. On this theory, the prefix 

 KAM would represent our root KAM, meaning BEYOND or ON THE OTHER 

 SIDE OF, as discussed under Canso, making the word mean a place BEYOND 

 OULASKA. As to the identity of OULASKA, I have no facts, and can only suggest 

 that it is connected with the present Ouelle (River), which looks like a probable 

 abbreviation of an aboriginal OUELESKA. In accordance with this theory, we 

 would expect to find the Ouelle River below KAMOURASKA, since the Indians 

 applied their nomenclature with reference to the ascent, not the descent, of rivers; 

 and it is a very curious fact that the usually accurate Franquelin-de Meulles map 

 really has the "Ouel" below Kamouraska, though in this it is of course quite wrong. 

 However, if the word did not originate with the Indians of the lower river, but of the 

 upper parts, then the expression BEYOND OULASKA, or BEYOND OUELLE, 

 would be explicable, — this of course assuming that the root KAM, or equivalent, 

 occurs in the dialects of Indians, Abnakis or others, residing on the upper parts of the 

 Saint Lawrence, and accustomed to think down rather than up the river. The root 

 does occur, indeed, in the dialect of the Abnakis, who live near Quebec, in the form 

 AGÔMI, meaning ACROSS, BEYOND, according to Prince (American Anthro- 

 pologist, XL 1909, 638). 



Now this theory that KAM is our root meaning BEYOND receives a consider- 

 able support from Rouillard's brief discussion of the name in his Noms Géographiques 

 (cited on page 262), for he quotes Père Lacombe as interpreting the word from the 

 Crée (one of the Algonquin tongues), making it AKAM, meaning "on the other side 

 of the water" (de l'autre bord de l'eau), clearly an equivalent of our KAM, while 

 the remainder of the word he derives from ASKAW or RASKAW meaning "grass, 

 rushes" (du foin, des joncs), which perhaps also is substantially correct. But this 

 is all I can offer as to this word, which I must leave for study by those within whose 

 personal knowledge the locality falls. It is to be noted, however, that still another 

 interpretion has been given, — by Laurent, in his Familiar Abenakis and English 

 Dialogues, Quebec, 1884, 212, who suggests an origin from Abenaki roots SKA 

 MÔRASKUA or SKA MÔLASKUA, meaning THERE IS SOME WHITE BIRCH 

 BARK, or THERE ARE SOME WHITE BIRCH TREES. But no evidence is 

 given, and the explanation has obviously no more basis than an attempt to match 

 up the parts of the word with modern roots that happen to resemble them. 



There is another word ACAMAC, name of a railroad station near Saint John 

 and known to be Indian in origin, which has the appearance of involving the root 

 KAM ; but I shall show later that the root ACAM has a very different origin and 

 meaning. 



Other Aboriginal Acadian Place-names containing the Root SOK 

 meaning CLIFF, of CANSO. 



Sevogle. Considered separately below. 



KTADOOSOK. The Micmac name, according to Rand, of the Saguenay River 

 {First Reading Book cited, 99, as 'KTADOOSOK; English- Micmac Dictionary, 224; 

 and Micmac- English Dictionary as KETADOOSOKE, 183). He gives the meaning 

 as FLOWING BETWEEN TWO HIGH STEEP CLIFFS {op. cit. 99\ thus showing 



