[ganong] INDIAN PLACE-NOMENCLATURE. 279 



of Holland's understanding of the Earl's secondary title, or of some copyist's con- 

 fusion of A and U, which are certainly very similar as commonly written. That this 

 was the view of the later map-makers is shown by their use of the correct form 

 SUNBURY. 



Baddeck. 



The name of a River in Cape Breton, emptying into a branch of Little Bras d'Or 

 Lake; also a small Bay to the eastward; also a Village, known as a summer resort, 

 between the two. My material for the local geography of Cape Breton is rather 

 scant, and I have not found the name prior to a French map which gives La R. de 

 LABADEC. Haliburton's Map of Nova Scotia, of 1829, has BEDEQUE, applied 

 to the River, with LITTLE BEDEQUE as the name of the Bay, though in his His- 

 tory of Nova Scotia, II, 236, he uses BADDECK, and applies the name also as an 

 alternative for Saint Patricks Channel in the form BADDECK BAY. On Arrow- 

 smith's Map of Lower Canada, of 1838, it is printed BEDECK, which must 

 have been taken from some earlier map, though I have not been able to trace it 

 farther. In general, BEDEQUE appears to prevail on maps of date prior to the 

 middle of the last century, after which BADDECK becomes more frequent, until 

 now it is the universally accepted and standard form. 



As to its origin, Rand has derived it from the Micmac EBÂDËK, meaning 

 A SULTRY PLACE (First Reading Book, 83), though elsewhere he makes it EBAT- 

 EK, meaning THE HOT PLACE (Micmac- English Dictionary, 181); in still a third 

 place, he makes it EPDEK or EPTEK, meaning THE WARM PLACE (op. cit. 51), 

 evidently connecting it with EPEDEK, meaning IT IS WARMED ("said of a 

 liquid"), while in still a fourth place (op cit. 179) he gives it as ABADAKWITK 

 (ABADEK) meaning A PORTION LAID ASIDE FOR ANOTHER. No reason 

 for the application of such names to this place is suggested by Rand, nor can I find 

 anything whatever, to justify his principal meaning, which fits ill with the reputation 

 of Baddeck as a charming residence for the summer. Rand's implication that the 

 word is "said of a liquid" would suggest the existence of a warm spring, or some- 

 t hing of that sort, but nothing of the kind is known. It looks reasonably clear, accord- 

 ingly, that Rand was simply seeking the Micmac root which seemed to come nearest 

 to the present form of the word, without any attempt to connect its meaning with 

 any feature of the place ; and thus he leaves the matter in a wholly unsatisfactory state. 

 On the other hand, an explanation of a very different standing is implied in the 

 striking resemblance, one may almost say in the identity, of the spellings of the name 

 BEDECK, BEDEQUE, and BADDECK, with the BEDEC and BEDEQUE of 

 Prince Edward Island, already considered. Naturally, now, we ask whether our 

 Baddeck presents any geographical feature like that which gave origin to the name 

 BEDEQUE in Prince Edward Island; and we find that it does. As all good maps 

 show, the BADDECK River, which seems very clearly to be the aboriginal bearer of 

 the name, can only be reached by ascending the outlet of Saint Patricks Channel, and 

 swinging around in a reverse bend through Indian Bay, at the extremity of which 

 the river enters in a direction parallel with the channel outside. Thus the arrangement 

 of the other Bedeque is duplicated, though upon a somewhat smaller scale, even to 

 the detail of the association of the name Indian with the place and its implied im- 

 portance from the Indian point of view. Herein, accordingly, I believe we have the 

 explanation of the name BADDECK, which would thus be equivalent exactly to 

 BEDEQUE as discussed above. It is interesting to note that, as Rand caught the 

 word from the Micmacs, it retained the preliminary E generally missing from the 



Sec. I and II 1914—19 



