[MURRAY] UNIVERSITY DEVELOPMENT IN CANADA 79 



V. State Universities. — The fifth, the period of national expansion, 

 saw the national consciousness developing a sense of pride and re- 

 sponsibility in the opening of the West and in Dominion participation 

 in Imperial affairs. The universities felt the new impulse. The 

 Toronto Commission of 1905- declared the new faith of the nation in 

 universities, and in recasting the constitution of their own university 

 framed the model of the new universities established by the Western 

 Provinces in 1906, 1907 and 1908. 



Thus the universities, no less than the political institutions of 

 the nation, reflect the spirit of the people. The intense devotion of 

 the Loyalists to King and Church reappears in the King's Colleges. 

 The revolt of the radicals prompted the establishment of Sectarian 

 Colleges. Responsible government led to democratic control of the 

 colleges supported by the State. Political Union of the Provinces was 

 followed by unions among the colleges and among the churches. The 

 growing national consciousness found expression no less in the re- 

 organization of Toronto and the establishment of new State uni- 

 versities than in the opening of the new land, the expansion of trade, 

 and the larger participation in the affairs of the Empire. 



When the Great W^ar descended upon us, none responded with 

 greater alacrity and determination than the youth in the universities. 

 Through them the nation and the universities were knit together with 

 ties which will hold while the memories of the race endure. 



The Five Types 



The Canadians are migrants. As they moved overseas or from 

 east to west they carried with them customs, ideas and institutions 

 which they transplanted in the new soil. The School System of 

 Ontario reappeared on the Prairies. The political institutions, the 

 churches, the schools and colleges of the old land were copied in the 

 new, with sometimes too little regard for novel and differing con- 

 ditions. 



I. French. — -It was natural that Quebec should copy France. To 

 this day the universities of Laval and Montreal reflect the French 

 conception of the university as a collection of professional schools 

 and as an agency for the examination of candidates, and the granting 

 of degrees which carry certain rights and privileges. 



In the Classical Colleges scattered over that province, students 

 are trained and prepared in the languages, science and philosophy 

 for the examinations set by the university. From these colleges the 



''Report of University of Toronto Commission, pp. XX, LIII, LIX. 



