[MURRAY] UNIVERSITY DEVELOPMENT IN CANADA 81 



not receive within its walls. Such a university, instituted, supported 

 and controlled by the State, is in duty bound to the State to train 

 its young men and women for good and useful citizenship, to engage 

 in research and the application of science to the needs of man, and to 

 extend the sphere of its usefulness far beyond the narrow limits of its 

 campus. Teaching, Research, and Extension are the three forms of 

 its service. Its purpose is not to combat the religious or other 

 interests of the people, but to co-operate with them. As it cares for 

 the different phases of public well-being it increases in usefulness and 

 merits the support which the people generously give. 



The French Universities 



Of the French universities of Quebec I may speak briefly. They 

 have developed apart from the current of university life elsewhere 

 in Canada. The Seminary of Quebec, which became Laval in 1853, 

 was founded, like the King's Colleges, on the assumption that all 

 education, collegiate as well as primary, must be based on religion. 



In Quebec the authority of the Roman Catholic Church to 

 determine the character of that religious education has not been 

 challenged like that of the Church of England in the other provinces. 

 In consequence, the State has never been forced to assume control of 

 university education. 



In Laval to-day may be seen a survival of that relation between 

 Church and State, with regard to university education, which was 

 common in the older provinces in the beginning. 



The Montreal branch of Laval, established in 1878, was in- 

 corporated in 1920 under the name of the University of Montreal, and 

 while still in sympathy with the Church and independent of State 

 control, has become more secular in its management. Its academic 

 and its business affairs are managed by separate boards; while its 

 appointments are made by the faculties. 



The King's Colleges 



The first impulse to university education among the English in 

 Canada came from the Loyalists. That impulse gave direction and 

 character as well as impetus to the movement. 



In 1783, the year in which Britain acknowledged the independence 



of the United States, five clergymen in New York prepared a memorial 



urging the establishment of a school or college in Nova Scotia. This 



memorial^ was forwarded to Lord North, Prime Minister of Great 



«N.S. Hist. Soc. Coll., vol. 6, p. 125. 



6— B 



