134 THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 



extends about four miles into the strait of Georgia and is bounded on 

 the north by English bay, on which a part of the city of Vancouver 

 is situated, and on the south by the recent delta of Fraser river. It 

 is about 4 miles across at its inner end, and about 1| miles near its 

 outer end. It is fairly flat topped and is for the most part about 

 300 feet above the sea. Sea-cliffs 100 to over 200 feet high border it 

 on the northwest, west, and southwest sides. The cliffs are highest 

 near the west end of the peninsula and are cut in unconsolidated 

 deposits, which apparently form nearly the whole peninsula, for the 

 only bedrock outcrops are on the north side near the inner end, and 

 are only a few feet above sea-level. 



Good sections of the unconsolidated deposits are exposed at 

 several places in the face of the sea-cliffs. The upper part of the 

 sections in most places is typical boulder clay or till which is usually- 

 only 6 to 10 feet thick, but thickens towards the inner end of the 

 peninsula, and at one place on the north side fills an erosion hollow 

 in the underlying stratified deposits and extends down to sea-level. 

 The stratified deposits underlying the boulder clay vary in thickness 

 from a few feet to nearly 200 feet. The upper and greater part of 

 the stratified deposits consists of sands and gravels and some silt. 

 These materials are in part cross-bedded, and in part horizontally 

 bedded. They are unweathered and without fossils, and are probably 

 glacial outwash. 



The outwash sands are underlain by horizontally bedded sands 

 and silts containing plant remains and peat beds. These beds are 

 here referred to as the Point Grey formation (See Plate I). Their 

 upper surface is about 50 feet above high tide level and their lower 

 surface, where exposed, is 6 to 10 feet. They consist of alternating 

 sand, silt, and peat beds. The sand is partly horizontally bedded and 

 partly cross-bedded, the beds being somewhat thicker than the silt 

 beds. The lowest bed is a yellowish silt, and was found at several 

 places, on the north and west sides of the peninsula, to contain numer- 

 ous poorly preserved leaf impressions. The peat beds occur chiefly 

 in the face of the cliff near the end of the peninsula, 100 yards north 

 of an old pier. They are three in number and are 2 to 5 inches thick. 

 They occur in the upper part of the series and are underlain by deeply 

 weathered and leached silt beds without definite stratification. The 

 peat is compacted and weathers out in relief; water-worn fragments 

 of it are scattered along the coast. The series passes upwards with- 

 out definite break into the overlying fluvioglacial deposits and its 

 upper surface is nearly at the same level on the northwest, west, and 

 southwest sides of the peninsula. It is underlain by cross-bedded 



