134 W. P. GANONG ON 



given in this paper, while at least two of them strongly confirm it. If one will but com- 

 pare the famous " Henri II " map of 1543 with Diego Homem's map of 1558, he will see 

 that the island on the former which has caused confusion by being mistaken for Prince 

 Edward Island, is on the latter marked " ille de Sablôes," This very word is used by 

 Cartier in describing the largest of the Magdalen Islands as he coasted along it, and he 

 gave it no other name. G-ranting that Cartier took Prince Edward Island to be a part of 

 the mainland, the rest of the maps are perfectly intelligible. 



Returning to our voyagers we find them on July 4th entering Bay Chaleurs and 

 coasting along its northern shore. The first harbour they found was a little bay and 

 haven altogether open towards the south, and having no protection from southerly wind. 

 It being St. Martin's Day they named it St. Martin's Haven (la couche Sainct Martin) ; it 

 is to-day called Port Daniel. Here their ships remained until the 12th of the month, but 

 with their boats they explored towards the head of the bay. They went first with one 

 boat to a cape seven or eight leagues to the west, clearly the present Paspebiac Point, 

 where they saw forty or fifty canoes full of Indians whom they had to frighten away with 

 firearms and lances. Upon July 9th ' they started upon a longer expedition. They sailed 

 that day twenty-five leagues to the we.st, and the next until 10 o'clock, which must have 

 taken them nearly or quite to the present Dalhousie. But the converging shores shewed 

 them that there could be no open passage to the west, and they turned back. The narra- 

 tive goes on to say, " and making our way along the coast we saw the savages upon the 

 bank of a pond (estanc) on low ground where they were making many fires and smokes. 

 "We went to this place and found that there was a passage from the sea, which ran into the 

 said pond." They seem to have come to this place soon after turning back, and such a 

 pond, connected with the sea just as Cartier describes it and, moreover, so situated that 

 they must have soon passed near it on their return voyage, is found at Tracadigash Point. 

 It seems to be the only place on the coast to which the description is applicable, and how 

 applicable the accompanying map will show. They traded with the Indians there and 

 afterwards reached their ships on so hot a day that they named the bay the Bay of Heat 

 or Bay Chaleurs. " 



On Sunday, July 12th, they left St. Martin's and coasted along the shore 

 eio-hteen leagues to the east, which brought them to Cape Pratto, the present White 

 Head. They anchored between it and an island one league to the east, the latter being 

 the present Bonaveuture. On Tuesday they continued their course to the north, and 

 were forced by stormy weather to put into a river, five or six leagues from the last- 

 mentioned cape, which Cartier's description proves beyond question to be the present 

 Gaspé Bay. In this safe haven they remained several days, making friends with the many 

 Indians there. But the natives were not so well pleased when their visitors set up at the 

 mouth of the harbour a great cross bearing aloft a shield with the three white lilies of 

 France, and the inscription " Vive le Roy de France." Yet they allowed Cartier to take 

 with them two of the children of their chief when he sailed away on the 25th. 



' Both the Relation originale and the edition of 1598, call Monday, the 6th, Sunday, the 12th, and Thursday 

 the 8th. As a mistake of this kind is more likely to be made on the day of the month than the day of the week, 

 it probably should read Thursday, the 9th. 



- There is nothing in the narrative to shew whether they gave the name " Bay Chaleurs " to the whole bay 

 from its entrance or only to its upper part. The former seems to us the more probable. 



