Section IV, 1887. [ 167 ] Trans. Eot. Soc. Canada. 



XIV. — Marine Algœ of Neio Brunswick. By Geo. U. Hat. With an Appendix contain- 

 ing a List of the Marine Algœ of the Maritime Provinces of the Dominion 

 of Canada, with Notes. By Geo. U. Hay, Ph. B., St. John, and A. H. Mac- 

 Kay, B.A., B. Sc, F. S. oc, Principal of Pictou Academy, N.S. 



(Communicated by Mr. J. Fletcher, May 25, 18S7.) 



The followiug paper includes observations that have been made on the marine Algœ 

 of New Brunswick during the past two years, together with some remarks on their 

 economic value, the occurrence of some rare species, etc. The localities visited have been 

 various points on the southern shore of New Brunswick, including the Island of Grand 

 Manan, and the coasts of Caraquet and Tracadie, with the Islands of Shippegan and Miscou 

 on the Gulf of St. Lawrence. To this is appended a preliminary list of the marine Algae 

 of the Maritime Provinces, which the writer, with the assistance of Mr. A. H. MacKay, 

 of Pictou, has recently compiled for the Natural History Society of New Brunswick. The 

 list includes some eighty species of marine Algœ, which, with the exception of an Intro- 

 troductory List of New Brunswick Algœ, published by the writer in 1886, is the first 

 attempt to arrange our Algic flora in such a form as shall- lead to a closer investigation of 

 these interesting plants, and stimulate further study in this direction. No Diatomaceous 

 or other microscopic forms are inchided in the subjoined list, but only those which may 

 be easily detected by the eye, including chiefly the larger forms and those parasitic upon 

 them. Of 130 species mentioned in Dr. Farlow's " Marine Algœ of New England," there 

 have been observed, up to this time, on the shores of the Maritime Provinces, over eighty 

 species. 



The marine flora of the Maritime Provinces is essentially Arctic in character, as may 

 be inferred from their boreal position and their exposure to cold currents from the Arctic 

 seas. In the case of New Brunswick, the paucity of the more delicate species of Algœ 

 may be accounted for chiefly in two ways : — 



(1.) The action of the tides on the southern shore, as they sweep in and out of the 

 Bay of Fundy, renders it impossible for any but the stronger forms to maintain 

 themselves, except in sheltered coves, and such favored positions are rare on this coast. 

 From one of these localities (Frye's Island) in the neighborhood of Passamaquoddy Bay 

 over thirty species were collected in July, 1886. 



(2.) The low sandy shores extending into the Gulf of St. Lawrence do not furnish a 

 a favorable habitat for Algœ. A marked exception to this, however, was found on 

 the northern shores of Miscou and Shippegan, just within Bay Chaleurs, where, at 

 low-water mark, were detected several interesting species not observed on the southern 

 shores. These are referred to in another part of this paper. 



The Fuci and Laminariœ, which make up the great bulk of our Algœ, are distributed 

 in abundance along the whole coast of New Brunswick. The Fuci occur between tide 

 marks, and are found in this position in greatest abundance on the southern coast, where 



