CLASSIFICATION 29 



In monocotyledons, as seen in a blade of grass 

 if held up to the light, the cords run parallel to 

 one another, from end to end. 



In the flowers, the parts of the whorls are 

 usually multiples of 2 and 5 in dicotyledons, and 

 of 3 in monocotyledons. 



The above distinctions are not without excep- 

 tions. Thus the leaves of Lords and Ladies {Arum 

 maculatum (Fig. 43), and of Paris (Fig. 44), though 

 belonging to the monocotyledons, have net-veined 

 foliage. 



The stem of the Butcher's Broom {Ruscus acu- 

 leatus) is woody, but the structure is that of a 

 monocotyledonous stem, since it belongs to the 

 Lily family, as does also Paris. 



Lastly, the Lesser Celandine (^^«2^;/^///«j Ficaria) 

 has only one cotyledon. 



The Water-crowfoot {Ranunculus aquatilis) has 

 the tap-root generally arrested, as is the universal 

 rule in monocotyledons, though the genus Ranun- 

 culus is a dicotyledon. 



