FIELDS AND MEADOWS 



rhizome, twisted (hence Snakeweed). The habit 

 is erect. The stem is simple, with cifii-shapod 

 leaves, ahiiost heart-shaped below, wav)-, bhiish- 

 g^rcen below, the leaf-stalk winged. The flowers 

 are in a dense terminal spike, the flowers white 

 or pink, the fruit brown, polished. The plant is 

 i-j ft. in height, and is in flower between June and 

 September. It is .'i herbaceous perennial. 



Acute-leaved Dock {J^imuw conglomcratus, 

 Miirr.). — The habitat of this pl.int is wet meadows 

 or other places, waste places. The habit is erect, 

 branched, spre.iding, the stem slender, with egg- 

 shaped, lancc-shaped leaves, heart-shaped below, 

 which are not narrowed above the base. The 

 flowers are in distant leafy whorls. The perianth 

 segments or sepals are enlarged, and are oblong, 

 entire, linear, nearly acute, or toothed at the base, 

 and bear 2 oblong tubercles. The flower-stalks 

 are jointed below the middle. The stem is tall, 

 1-3 ft. high. Flowers may be found from June to 

 October, and the plant is a herbaceous perennial. 



Sorrel (Rtimex Acelosn, L.).— The usual habitat 

 of this plant is meadows and pastures, or woods. 

 The habit is erect. The stem is slender and 

 simple. The lower leaves are arrow-shaped on 

 long stalks, the lobes rounded not spreading, 

 bluish-green below, the upper stalkless. There 

 are brownish stipules, toothed, torn. The leaves 

 are acid. The plants are dicecious, the males on 

 one, females on another plant. The outer sepals 

 are turned back in fruit, the inner roimded, with 

 a membranous border, with small tubercles. The 

 fruit is smooth and brown. The height is 1-2 ft. 

 It is in flower from May to .August, and is a her- 

 baceous perennial. 



Order Orcuidace.*: 



Green Winged Orchid (Orchis Morio, L.). — The 

 habitat of this plant is pastures and meadows. 

 The habit is erect. There are 2 root tubers, which 

 are globose. The scape bears radical leaves at 

 the base, which are lance-shaped. The leaves 

 are unspotted, the upper erect. The bracts are 

 coloured, i-nerved, the same size as the ovary. 

 The flowers are purple and green-veined, the blunt 

 sepals have green veins, and they form a hood 

 with the petals. The lip is pale and purple-spotted. 

 The spur is blunt and nearly straight. The lobes 

 of the lip are broad and scalloped, the middle one 

 longest. The height is 6-12 in. May and June 

 are the flowering months. It is a herbaceous 

 perennial, propagated by tubers. 



Irish Orchid {Habenaria intacla, Benth.). — The 

 habitat of this plant is limestone pastures. The 

 habit is the typical Orchid habit, the scape short. 

 The leaves are oblong, numerous, spotted occa- 

 sionally. The flowers are in a dense spike, pink, 

 the lateral petals and sepals form a hood. The 

 lip is 3-lobcd and projects, the lobes linear, short, 

 the middle one entire or lobed. The nearly round 

 spur is short. The stigma has 2 ascending lobes, 

 and there is a broad flat disk between them. The 

 plant is 4-10 in. high. It flowers in June, and is 

 a herbaceous perennial. 



Order Iridace.« 



Jersey Crocus {Romulca Columnte, S. & iM.). — 

 The habitat of this plant is sandy pastures or other 

 places, dry sandy soil. The habit is that of other 

 bulbous plants, the corm being sheathed, egg- 

 shaped, as large as a pea. The radical leaves 

 are linear, channelled above, slender, bent back, 

 thread-like, flattened at the margin. The scape is 

 solitary, i -flowered, somewhat drooping, with a 

 spathe longer than the tube. The perianth is 

 petaloid, regular, with 6 segments, which are 

 spreading. The flowers are green outside, while 

 inside, with purple stripes, with a yellow claw. 

 The flower-stalk is curved in fruit. The stamens 

 arc epigynous on the throat of the tube, longer 

 than the style, with free, hairy stalks. The linear 

 stigma is divided into 2 lobes nearly to the base. 

 The capsule is egg-shaped, and the seeds are 

 nearly round, with a leathery coat. The plant is 

 4 in. high. It flowers in March, up till May, and 

 is a herbaceous perennial, in danger of being not 

 long hence entirely exterminated. 



Purple Crocus {Croats vemus. All. = albiflorus, 

 Kit.). — The habitat of this plant is fields and mea- 

 dows. The plant is of the usual bulbous habit. 

 The corm is broad and flattened, with net-like 

 fibres in the tubular sheath, torn, and dirty-brown. 

 The scape is enveloped in the latter. The leaves 

 are formed with the flowers. The flowers are 

 white or purple. The spathe is simple. The 

 throat of the corolla has a fringe of hairs. The 

 stigmas are orange, toothed, 3-!obed, the lobes 

 wedge-shaped, erect, jagged. The anthers are 

 pale bright yellow. The capsule is large, the 

 seeds small and red. The plant is 3-6 in. in 

 height, and flowers from March till May, being a 

 herbaceous perennial geophyte. 



Order Amarvllidace^ 



Spanish Daffodil {Narcissus major. Curt.). — The 

 habitat of this plant is pastures, copses, orchards, 

 &c., where no doubt it has been planted. It differs 

 from the ordinary daffodil in being more robust, 

 frequently with double flowers, with the perianth 

 segments broader, the corona being Icmon-vellow, 

 with 6 rounded lobes. It is 12-18 in. in height, 

 and is in flower from March till May. The Spanish 

 Daffodil is a herbaceous perennial. 



Narcissus, Large Jonquil {Narcissus odorus, L.). 

 — This species is a native of Europe, the Pjrenees, 

 &c., and has been recorded from Cornwall, but is 

 not a native plant, being an escape from cultiva- 

 tion only. The leaves are semi-cylindrical, there 

 being two on the spathe, and the three flowers are 

 yellow, sweet-scented. The crown has 6 deep 

 lobes of a deep yellow. 



Pale Tvyin-flowered Narcissus (Narcissus bi- 

 florus. Curt.). — The habitat of this plant is sandy 

 fields. The outer scales of the bulbs are mem- 

 branous. The habit is grass-like or lily-like. The 

 leaves are long, acutely keeled, linear, blunt, not 

 bluish-green, the margins Inrned back. The 

 scape is flattened, as long as the leaves, 2-edged. 



