ROADSIDES AND HEDGES 



83 



stem of this rose is creel, with spreadinij wavy 

 branches, dark -red tinned with gfrey. The 

 prickles are scattered. The leaflets are oval, 5-7, 

 ijrey both sides, with spreadinjr hairs, doubly 

 toothed. The flowers are deep-pink, the petals 

 not as long: as the calyx. The flower-stalks are 

 bristly, enlarjfed above. The Iriiit is egjif-shaped. 

 The plant flowers in June. 



Hawthorn (CVn/ffyK^ monogynn, Jacq. —C. Oxr- 

 acanlha, L.). — The habitat ol this pl.mt is hedges, 

 thickets, .and forests. The plant has the tree or 

 bush habit. The plant is spinous. It dilTers 

 frtun CrafiFg-iis Oxvaran/Jioidt's, alreath' described, 

 in the more deeply lobed, entire leaves, the lobes 

 lance-shaped, narrow, and long-pointed, with 

 narrower seg:ments. The veins of the lower lobes 

 curve outwards. The flowers are in a corymb. 

 The calyx and flower-stalk are downy. The 

 flowers and fruit are not so larg^e, and appe.ir 

 Later. There is 1 style, rarely 2, bent. The fruit 

 is nearly round. The plant flowers in M;iy and 

 June, and is a deciduous tree or shrub. 



Order ONAC.RACi;.* 



Broad Smooth-leaved Willow Herb (Epihbiuai 

 monlaiium, L. 1. — The habitat is shady banks, 

 wails, cottage roofs, dr\' places, woods, &c. The 

 habit is the rosette habit. The rosettes are stalk- 

 less, oblongf, fleshy, and the stolons may be sub- 

 terranean ,'ind autunmal. The root is blunt. The 

 stem is erect, hairless, or downy, slender. The 

 leaves are stalked or in whorls of 3, the edjjes and 

 veins downy, esjgf-shaped to lance-shaped, oblonjf, 

 the base rounded, toothed, opposite, hairless. 

 The buds are nodding:, eg^g'-shaped. The flowers 

 are pale-purple. The sepals are lance-shaped. 

 The lobes of the stigma are 4, short, not rolled 

 back. The capsule is finely downy. The plant is 

 6-24 in. high, flowering in June and July, and is a 

 herbaceous perennial. 



Lanceolate Willow Herb (EpUnbium lanceola- 

 turn, Scbast. et Maur.).— The habitat of this plant 

 is roadsides, dry stony pl.ices, garden walls, &c. 

 The habit is as in the last. The root is blunt. 

 The stolons are autumnal, the leaves in loose 

 rosettes, spreading. The stem is obscurely angled, 

 round, erect, branched, downy, the hairs short, 

 bent back. The leaves are oblong, lance-shaped, 

 opposite below, toothed, alternate, stalked, nar- 

 rowed to the base, the lower pairs limp, drooping. 

 The buds are inclined, egg-shaped. The leaf-stalk 

 ends in obscure lines running down the stem. The 

 flowers are numerous, pale-rose. The sepals are 

 broadly linear, with a long narrow point. The 

 stigma lobes are 4, short, and spreading. The 

 capsule is finely downy. The seeds are tubercled, 

 inversely egg-shaped to oblong, nearly acute 

 below. The plant is 9-24 in. high, flowering from 

 July to September, and is a herbaceous perennial. 



Order U.mbei.i.ifer.« 



Corn P^Tslej (Cariim seg^e/um, Benth. and Hook. 

 fil.). — The habitat of this plant is hedgebanks. 



waste pl.ices, damp calcareous fields, and near the 

 sea. The plant has the rosette habit, with radie.il 

 leaves. The stem is smooth, erect, branched, 

 rounded, nearly leafless above, finely furrowed, 

 solid. The lower leaves h.ive lobes each side of a 

 common stalk, and are oblong, the leaflets nearly 

 stalkless, egg-shaped, lobed, scalloped, coarsely 

 toothed. The upper leaves are entire or divided 

 into three. The flowers are whitish, in a drooping 

 umbel, small, and irregular, the rays unequal. The 

 bracts .and bracteoles are linear or awl-Iikc. The 

 general involucre consists of 1-2 bracts. The fruit 

 is egg-shaped. The stj-les are short and erect. 

 The plant is 1-3 ft. high, flowering from June to 

 September, and is a herbaceous perennial, annual, 

 or bieiuiial. 



Hedge Honewort {Sison Amomtim, L.). — The 

 habitat of tiiis plant is hedgebanks, moi.st places, 

 damp places on a calcareous soil. The plant is 

 similar to the last in habit, &c., but the radical 

 leaves are larger and more coarsely toothed. 

 The root is spindle-shaped. The stem is erect, 

 branched, panicled, slender, le.afy, solid. The 

 radical leaves have lobes each side of a common 

 stalk, the upper are divided into narrow lobes, and 

 the leaflets are oblong, toothed, cut. The flowens 

 are small, white, in compound, irregular, terminal 

 or axillary umbels, with few, slender, unequal 

 rays. The bracts and bracteoles are 2-4, short, 

 awl-like. The petals are inversely heart-shaped, 

 with a deep notch, the point long, hooded. The 

 styles are short, bent back. The lobes of the 

 disk are thick, depressed. The pljint is 2-3 ft. 

 high, flowering late in August, and is a herb- 

 .Hceous biennial. 



Great Burnet Saxifrage (I'impinella magna, L.). 

 — The habitat of this plant is bushy waste places, 

 shady hills, and woods. The habit is erect. The 

 stem is angular, leafy, finely furrowed. The leaves 

 all have lobes each side of a common stalk, the 

 leaflets egg-shaped, toothed, cut, the terminal one 

 3-lobed, the lateral 3-Iobed, broad, membranous, 

 those of the radical leaves egg-shaped, nearly 

 heart-shaped, of the stem-leaves narrower. The 

 radical leaflets are stalked. The flowers are white, 

 in a broad umbel, the outer flowers complete, the 

 inner male. The styles are longer than the ovary, 

 or as long as the fruit, which is oval. The plant is 

 1-4 ft. high, flowering in July and August, and is 

 a herbaceous perennial. 



Wild Chervil (Chccrophyllum lemulum, L.). — 

 The habitat of this plant is fields, banks, road- 

 sides, hedges, and waste places. The habit is 

 erect, the stem being swollen below each node, 

 spotted with purple, stiffly hairy, branched, 

 grooved, solid, round and rough below, the hairs 

 above bent downwards. The leaflets are egg- 

 shaped, entire, the leaves ti'iangular, bipinnate. 

 The flowerheads are wide, with small, white 

 florets. The short, spreading styles equal the 

 fleshy disk on the top of the ovary. The fruit is 

 egg-shaped, fl.illened upwards. The plant is 1-3 

 ft. high, flowering between .April and July (I have 

 found it in flower as late as November), and is a 

 herbaceous perennial or biennial. 



