HILLS, DRY PLACES, ETC. 



97 



Burnt Orchid (hence, too, ustulalit). The spur is 

 bent down, bUint, as long- as the ovary. The 

 plant is 4-9 in. hijjh, and flowers IVom May till 

 July, beinjr a herbaceous perennial. 



Great Military Orchis {Orr/tis purpnna, Huds.). 

 — The habitat of this plant is chalky, bushy hills, 

 woods, downs, and copses on chalk soils. The 

 habit is the orchid habit. The plant is stout, with 

 egg-shaped tubers. The le.Tves are oblong, blunt, 

 egg-shaped. The flowers arc in a large, dense, 

 many - flowered spike. The sepals and petals 

 ;ire barely acute, green and purple, blunt. The 

 lip is 3-lobed, the lateral lobes narrow, enlarged, 

 toothed, the middle inversely heart-shaped, scal- 

 loped, pale-rose with purple spots, the lower seg- 

 ment with a point in the notch, .ind the lobes are 

 broad, flat. The egg-shaped helmet of the flower 

 is reddish-brown, formed by the sepals which in- 

 clude the petals. The spur is half as long as the 

 ovary. The br.acts are small. The plant is 1-2 ft. 

 high, flowering in May and June, and is a herb- 

 aceous perennial. 



Pyramidal Orchid {Orchis pyramidalis, L.). — 

 The habitat of this plant is calcareous pastures, 

 rarely on sandy hills. The plant has the orchid 

 habit, and a slender stem, with entire, round 

 tubers. The leaves are linear, lance-shaped, 

 .acute, with a long, narrow point, chiefly radical. 

 The bracts are as long as the ovary, coloured, 

 I- to 3-nerved. The flowers are in a dense, pyra- 

 midal spike, then oblong, ros_\- or white. The 

 lobes of the lip are equal, entire, oblong, bliuit, 

 and the lip is broader than long, with 2 tuber- 

 cles below. The lateral sepals are spreading, 

 egg-shaped to lance-shaped, acute, 3-veined. 

 The pollen-glands are united. The spur is thread- 

 like, longer than the ovary. The plant is i-li ft. 

 high, flowering in July, and is a herbaceous peren- 

 nial. 



Late Spider Orchis (Ophrys fuciflora, Reichb. = 

 O. Arnchnites, Hoffm.).— The habitat of this plant 

 is chalky downs. The flowers are purple, the 

 petals downy, sub-triangular to egg-shaped, the 

 lip longer than the sepals, which are pink inside. 

 The lip is swollen, entire or 4-lobed, with an in- 

 termediate heart-shaped, flat, green appendage 

 in the notch. The lip is velvety, dark-purple with 

 yellow markings. The anthers have a straight 

 or hooked point. The pollen is stifl' and does not 

 fall on the stigma. The plant is 4-9 in. high, 

 flowering in May and June, and is a herbaceous 

 perennial. 



White Mountain Orchis (Habenaria albida, 

 Br.).— The habitat of this plant is hilly and moun- 

 tain pastures. The plant has the orchid habit. 

 The tubers are clustered. The leaves are numer- 

 ous, small, oblong, blunt — the upper lance-shaped, 

 acute. The bracts are 3-veined, green, as long 

 as the ovary. The flowers are white, in a narrow, 

 cylindrical, dense spike, nearly arranged all one 

 side, sweet-scented. The sepals and lateral petals 

 form a helmet, and the former are blunt like the 

 petals. The lip is acutely 3-lobed, small, project- 

 ing, the lobes unequal, entire, the middle longest 

 and broadest. The spur is shorter than the ovary. 

 Vol. VI. 



The plant is 6-12 in. high, flowering in June and 

 Jul)', ami is ;i herbaceous perennial. 



Frog Orchis {Ilnbenaria virii/is, R. l?r.). — The 

 habitat of this pl.tnt is hilly meadows, grassy 

 places, and pastures. The plant has the orchid 

 habit, with palmate tubers. The leaves arc num- 

 erous, narrow to oblong, blunt, sm.aller upwards. 

 The br.acts are shorter th.nn the flowers, green. 

 The flowers .ire green, with a paler brown lip, the 

 petals and sepals striped with dark-red, the lip 

 linear-oblong, greenish-brown, divided into two 

 nearly to the base, with 3 tubercles ,at the base. 

 The sepals form a hemispherical hood. The spurs 

 are short. The anther-colls are spreading. There 

 is no rostellum. The stigma is oblong, notched 

 above. The glands of the pollinia are connected 

 by a raised, transverse line. The plant is 4-12 in. 

 high, flow^ering from June to September, and is a 

 herbaceous perennial. 



Order Lii.iace/'e 



Small Round-headed Garlic (Allium sphcero- 

 cephulum, L.).— The habit.il of this plant is sandy 

 and calcareous places, stee|) declivities or rocks, 

 and sandy coasts (Jersey). The plant has the lily 

 habit. The stem is leafy below. The bulb has 

 stalked offsets. The leaves are hollow, round, 

 flattened or grooved, the ribs of the leaf rough 

 when young, fading before flowering. The flowers 

 are rose-colour or purple, in dense, round heads, 

 or umbels, without bulbils. The keels are dark, 

 rough. There are 2 short spathcs, shortly beaked. 

 The stamens are twice as long as the perianth. 

 The anthers are included. The anther-bearing 

 point of the 3-pointed anther-stalks is as long 

 as the undivided part, longer than the lateral 

 points. The plant is 1-2 ft. high, flowering from 

 June to August, and is a herbaceous perennial. 



Sand Leek (Allium Scorodoprasum, L.). — The 

 habitat of this plant is sandy woods and fields, 

 bushy places, dry pastures and copses. The habit 

 is as in the last. The bulb is egg-shaped, with 

 small, stalked bulbils. The stem is leafy below. 

 The leaves are linear, keeled, flat, with 2-edged 

 sheaths, with rough edges, bluish-green, solid. 

 The flowers are purple, few, in small heads, the 

 bulbs spherical, small, deep-purple, in a round 

 umbel. There are 2 shortly-beaked spathes, short- 

 pointed, short and broad. The anthers do not 

 project. The perianth-segments are red-purple, 

 with a small point, with white margins, the outer 

 keel rough. The anther -bearing points of the 

 3-pointed anther-stalks are shorter than the entire 

 p.art or lateral points. The plant is 2-3 ft. high, 

 flowering from May to August, and is a herb- 

 aceous perennial. 



Chives (Allium Sc/iivnoprasitm, L.). — The habi- 

 tat of this plant is river-sides, rocky pastures, 

 meadows, and pastures in mountainous regions. 

 The habit is as in the last. The bulbs are nar- 

 row, small, tufted. The stem is leafless, or there 

 may be i leaf. The leaves are hollow, rounded, 

 grooved or flattened above, .awl-like, straight, 

 smooth-ribbed, with barren bulbs. The scapes 



84 



