WASTE PLACES, ETC. 



133 



and manure heaps, damp waste places, and it may 

 be native in damp wonds in the S. of Iingland. 

 The habit is erect or ascending. The plant is 

 bluish-green. The stems arc branched, numerous, 

 spreading, le.nfy. The leaves arc entire, ovate, 

 elliptic, blunt or acute, shortly stalked, mem- 

 branous. The flowers arc very small, in long, .axil- 

 lary, and terminal, leafless racemes, cyme-like, 

 simple or branched, the branches slender and 

 spreading. The outer perianth-segments are not 

 keeled, not so long as the utricle. The seeds are 

 very small, dark-brown, shining, rough, minutely- 

 dotted, blunt-bordered. The plant is 6-24 in. high, 

 flowering from July to September, and is a herb- 

 aceous annual. 



Chenofxtdium opulifolitim, Schrad. — The habitat 

 of this plant is roadsides, waste ground. It has 

 affinity with C. album. The leaves are broadly 

 rhomboidal, ovate, triangul.ar, more or less 3-lobcd, 

 short, unequally toothed, blunt, co.arsely .and un- 

 evenly scalloped, toothed, the teeth long and blunt- 

 pointed. The stem -leaves are short and very 

 blunt. The leaf-stalks are long and slender. The 

 inflorescence is bluish-green. The plant is 1-3 ft. 

 high, flowering in .August and September, and is 

 a herbaceous annu.1I. 



Fig-leaved Goosefoot (Chenopodium JicifoUum, 

 Sm. = Ch. serolinum, L.). — The habitat of this 

 plant is waste places, rich soil, ro,adsides, near 

 villages, cultivated ground. The h.abit is erect. 

 The plant is mealy, limp. It resembles C. album. 

 The leaves are blunt. They arc unequally 3-lobed, 

 spear-shaped, oblong, lance-shaped, the middle 

 lobe the longest, wedge-shaped, ascending, wavy, 

 toothed, blunt. The upper leaves are entire, 

 linear, lance-shaped, the basal lobes ascending. 

 The flowers are in a leafless inflorescence, or in a 

 spike, or cj'niose raceme, leafy only below, with 

 erect branches. The perianth almost covers the 

 utricle. The seeds are minutely pitted, dotted, 

 not keeled, shining, blunt. The plant is 1-3 ft. 

 high, and flowers from July to September, being 

 a herbaceous annual. 



Upright Goosefoot (Chenopodium urbicum, L.). 

 — The habitat of this plant is waste places. It has 

 not been recorded from native habitats. The habit 

 is erect. There is little meal on this plant. The 

 stem has alternate bands of green and white, and 

 is stout, with few branches. The leaves may be 

 as broad as long, triangular, toothed, the teeth 

 short, triangular, wavy, or nearly entire below, 

 narrowed into the leaf-stalk, which is shorter, 

 winged above. The lateral veins are spreading. 

 The flowers are in a long, erect, simple or com- 

 pound dense spike, nearly leafless above, axillary 

 or termin.al. The perianth - segments are not 

 keeled, and do not cover the utricle, being broadly 

 membranous. The seeds are rough, blunt-bor- 

 dered. The plant is 1-3 ft. high, and flowers in 

 August and September, being a herbaceous .innual. 



Thorn-apple GoosefooKC/iciiopodium hybriduni, 

 L.). — The habitat of this plant is cultivated ground, 

 fields, and waste places. The habit is erect. The 

 plant has a heavy odour. The stem is stoul and 

 branched. The leaves are large, long-pointed, 



broadly ovate, heart-shaped, pale green, mem- 

 br.anous, angular, toothed, the teeth large, distant, 

 2-4 on each side, 3-5 nerved .at the b.isc. The 

 flowers are in loose, axillary, nearly leafless 

 corymbs or spikes, in large clusters. The perianth 

 does not cover the utricle. The seeds are coarsely 

 minutely pitted, not keeled, opaque, large. The 

 plant is 6 in. to 3 ft. high, flowering in August and 

 September, anil Is .1 lierb.aceous annual. 



Sowbane Goosefoot (Chenopodium muralc, L.). 

 — The habit.at ol this plant is waste places near 

 houses, towns, and villages. It may be a native 

 on the beaches of Kent, Sussex, Dorset. The 

 habit is erect or ascending. The plant is nearly 

 devoid of hairs, rather strong smelling. The 

 branches are prostrate. The leaves are ovate, 

 rhomboidal, triangular, wedge - shaped below, 

 where they are entire, acute, unequally sharply 

 toothed above, bright green, shining, mealy when 

 young. The leaf-stalk is not so long as the blade. 

 The upper leaves are narrower, coarsely toothed. 

 The flowers are in short, dense spikes, with 

 spreading branches, the flowers cymose. The 

 perianth-segments have a .slight keel, and nearly 

 cover the utricle, having a narrow membranous 

 border. The seeds are acute, sharply keeled, 

 minutclj' granular, dotted, opaque. The plant is 

 6 in. to i§ ft. high, flowering in August and Sep- 

 teni!)ef, and is a herb.aceous annual. 



Red Goosefoot (Chenopodium rubnim, L.). — 

 The habitat of this plant is waste places. It may 

 be native on muddy shores. The habit is erect or 

 ascending. The plant is smooth, shining. The 

 stem is leafy throughout, and has alternate bands 

 of green, white or red. The leaves vary con- 

 siderably. They are triangular, rhomboidal to 

 ovate, entire, irregularly toothed, blunt or acute, 

 wavy, or entire below, 3-nervcd at the base. The 

 flowers are in erect, dense, leafy, panicled, com- 

 pound, terminal and axillary spikes. The flowers 

 are frequently incomplete and crowded, the ter- 

 minal flower 5-cleft. The calyx is 4 or 5 clelt. 

 There are 1-2 stamens. The perianth-segments 

 are not keeled and cover the utricle. The seeds 

 are very small, vertical, smooth, shining, brown, 

 obscurely keeled or blunt. The pericarp is very 

 loose. The plant is 2 in. to 3 ft. high, flowering 

 from .April to October, and is .a herbaceous annual. 



Oak-leaved Goosefoot (Chenopodium glnunim, 

 L.). — The habitat of this plant is rich waste places. 

 The habit is prostrate. The stems are usually 

 spreading, widely-branched, shining, smooth. 

 The leaves are green above, white, bluish-green, 

 mealy below, oblong, wavy toothed, blunt or 

 round, wedge-shaped below. The flowers are in 

 short, erect, simple, leafless, terminal and axillary, 

 dense spikes. The perianth-segments are keeled 

 and almost cover the utricle, leaving a narrow 

 membranous border. The .seeds have an acute 

 keel, and are reddish, very small, the horizontal 

 ones largest, the others vertical, netted, granular. 

 The plant is 4-18 in. high, flowering from July to 

 September, and is a herbaceous annual. 



Orache (Alriplex haslala, L.).— The habitat of 

 this plant is waste places and cultivated ground. 



