I82 



BRITISH FLORA 



leaf above. The heads are usually 1-3, black, 

 rounded below. The stalks are short, straight or 

 wavy, hairy, and j^landular. The phyllaries arc 

 long^, exicndinjf forwards, the outer small, loose, 

 the iinier long, linear, narrowed from a broad 

 base, acute, bristle-like, senescent, hairy, and 

 slightly glandular. The ligules are orange-yellow, 

 the inner fringed with hairs. The styles arc yellow, 

 livid. The plant is 9-15 in. in height, flowering 

 in July and .Xugust, and is a herbaceous perennial. 



liicracium simians, K. J. Hanb. — The habitat 

 of this plant is lofty mountain glens, ravines of 

 mountain streams, moist ledges in the glens. The 

 stem is hollow, simple or branched, stiffly hairy, 

 woolly-felled, hairy, and glandular above. The 

 radical leaves are green to red, the first ones 

 spoon - shaped, inversely egg-shaped, the later 

 oblong, rounded, blunt above, the inner narrow to 

 oblong, lance-shaped, with a long narrow point, 

 the margin wavy {hence stnuans), the base running 

 down the stem, with sharp teeth pointing forwards, 

 stiffly hairy below, the border fringed with hairs. 

 The stem-leaf is solitary, lance-shaped, acute, or 

 bract-like, toothed. The 3-7 heads are large, dark, 

 pitcher-like or bell - shaped, on long, straight, 

 woolly-felted, glandular, stiffly hairy stalks. The 

 phyllaries meet together in bud, and are very dark, 

 the outer short, loose, the inner narrow, linear, 

 lance-shaped, acute, with a pale margin, senescent, 

 hairy, and glandular. The ligules are golden, 

 stiffly hairy, the tips hairless. The stjies are very 

 dark. The plant is 6-15 in. in height, flowering in 

 July and August, and is a herbaceous perennial. 



Hieracium nigrescens, Willd. — The habitat of 

 this plant is lofty mountains. The plant is green, 

 the stem wavy, stiffly hairy, woolly-felted, glandu- 

 lar. The radical leaves are oval, elliptic, blunt, 

 with a short point, toothed especially towards the 

 base, narrowed to the foot-stalk, stiffly hairy. 

 The 1-2 stem-leaves are bract-like. The few heads 

 are dark, slender, egg-shaped, with a rounded 

 base. The stalks are stout, spreading, glandular. 

 The phyllaries are slender, linear, glandular. The 

 ligules are stiffly hairy. The styles are dark. 

 The height is 4-6 in. The plant flowers in July 

 and August, and is a herbaceous perennial. 



Hieracium atratum, Fr. f.— The habitat of this 

 plant is lofty mountains. The stem is simple or 

 branched, nearly smooth, stellately downy, glandu- 

 lar. The radical leaves are bright-green above, 

 stiffly hairy below, broad, elliptic, entire, with a 

 blunt base, the inner oval, lance-shaped, acute, 

 wavy, coarsely irregularly toothed, the teeth acute, 

 broad, triangular, ascending, the leaves on long 

 stalks. The stem-leaf is solitary, stalked, oval, 

 lance-shaped, acute. The heads are rounded below, 

 on arching, long, woolly-felted, glandular stalks, 

 with bracteoles at the base. The very dark-green 

 phyllaries are blunt, the inner with a pale margin, 

 awl-like, glandular, hairy, with woolly felt at the 

 base of the outer. The ligules are yellow, stiffly 

 hairy, the tips fringed with hairs, smooth in 

 British specimens. The styles are yellowish- 

 brown. The plant is 6-12 in. high, flowering in 

 July and August, and is a herbaceous perennial. 



Hieracium cumbriense, F. J. Hanb. — The habi- 

 tat of this plant is lofty mountains. The rootstock 

 is horizontal or bent, woody. The stem is stout, 

 reddish, rough, stiffly hairy, woolly-felled, glandu- 

 lar. The radical leaves are numerous, thick, 

 yellow, bluish-white, the outer rounded, blunt at 

 the base, the later egg-shaped, oval, blinU-pointed, 

 toothed, wedge - shaped at the base, the inner 

 elliptic, egg-shaped, lance-shaped, narrow, acute, 

 with 4 large teeth each side, smooth, stiffly hairy, 

 in the nerves below fringed on the border. The 

 stem-leaf is solitary, stalked, linear, bract-like. 

 The panicle is close, with 1-2 racemose, corymbose, 

 umbelled branches, the upper erect, spreading. 

 The stalks are straight, woolly-felted, glandular. 

 The 5-10 heads are large, black, long. The long 

 phyllaries extend forwards in bud, the outer tri- 

 angular, acute, the inner long, linear, blunt, the 

 inner narrower, acute, with pale-green borders, 

 with woolly felt, except the outermost, and glandu- 

 lar. The ligules are orange, smooth. The styles 

 are livid. 



Hicraciuni submurorunt, Lindeb. — The habitat 

 of this plant is lofty mountains. The stem is 

 usually simple, stout, tall, stiffly hairy, slightly 

 woolly-felted below, glandular above. The radical 

 leaves are light-green, thick, broad, the outer 

 rounded, inversely egg-shaped, blunt, narrowed 

 below, the middle oval, inverselj' egg-shaped, 

 acute, coarsely and sharply toothed below, the 

 innermost egg - shaped, lance - shaped, acute, 

 the teeth long, acute. The stem-leaves are 

 stalked, egg-shaped, lance-shaped, acute, toothed, 

 the upper linear, lance -shaped, entire, stiffly 

 hairy below, fringed with hairs. The panicle is 

 loose, with 2-3 patent 1-2-headed branches, the 

 upper arching, woolly-felted, glandular. The 4-10 

 heads are thick, blackish -green, rounded, egg- 

 shaped, cylindric in bud. The outer phyllaries 

 are loose, the inner long, lance-shaped, linear, 

 blunt, the innermost narrowed, acute, with a pale 

 border, senescent, hairy, and glandular. The 

 ligules are tipped with hairs. The styles are livid- 

 black. The plant is 10-18 in. high, flowering 

 in July and August, and is a herbaceous per- 

 ennial. 



Hieracium cen/ripetale, F. J. Hanb. — The habi- 

 tat of this plant is rocky beds of alpine burns. 

 The stem is erect, solid, furrowed, wavy, stiffly 

 hairy below, woolly-felted, glandular above. The 

 radical leaves form a flat rosette, the earliest being 

 rounded, egg-shaped, the later narrow, oblong, 

 the inner lance-shaped, horizontally toothed to- 

 wards the wedge-shaped base, stiffly hairy below 

 and on the margins. There is one stem-leaf, the 

 bract linear, lance-shaped, toothed. The panicle 

 has long, alternate, arching branches. The 2-12 

 heads are narrow, bell-shaped, narrow at the 

 base in bud. The flower -stalks are arching, 

 woolly-felted, glandular. The phyllaries are long, 

 narrow, linear, the outer blunt, acute, woolly-felted, 

 the inner narrow, with a pale margin, senescent, 

 glandular, hairy. The styles are livid. The 

 ligules have stiffly hairy tips. The margins of the 

 receptacle pits are toothed and torn. The plant is 



