DAMI-'.'S \l()l.!'r 17 



veined White Hiittcrlly (/'. ihipi). Ilalutns /ciitopiis, II. a//)iiaiis, 

 I 'olitcclhx pclliiccns. J\liiiioia. 



TiuTc arr twt) lurj^e, yreeii, fleshy honey-inlands .u ilic base of 

 the short stamens, well developed internally, and the li(in(\- collects 

 between the pistil and bast- ot three stamens each side. The longer 

 anthers fill the entr.ince ot the llower, and when withered project, 

 while tile shorter stand inside below them, openin:.;' tlose lo the siii^nia, 

 afterwards protruding'. The pistil is eloni^ated. and the anthers thus 

 o|)t-nino" internallv, co\"er the sli^^^^'ma with pollen. W hen insects visit 

 the llowers at the rii^hi time they cross-pollinate them, honey-seekers 

 touching- the stamens anil stigma on opposite sides of the proboscis, 

 anil this happens in the case of pollen-seekers occasionally. 



Uanie's Violet disperses its seed itself The dry ])od opens and 

 the seeds fall out aroinid the plant by tension of the \al\'es, or are 

 blown a\\a\' b\' the wind. 



Requiring" a sand soil, or pard} a humus soil, it is a sand loxcr. 

 There are no tungi which are parasitic upon it. The buttei'tlies and 

 moths. Large White [fn-ris drassica-). Orange-tip {Hiic/i/oc Carda- 

 iiinu\s), Siher- washed I'ritillary i^jlrgyniiis f^aphia). Buff E!rmine [Spi/o- 

 soiiia lubrici/)cda), Phttclla porrectclla, feed upon it. 



Pliny applied the name Hesperis, Greek Iicspcra, evening; and 

 the Latin niatrona/is means Dame's. 



The Knglish names are: Close Sciences, Uaniask V'iolet, Dame's 

 \ ii>Iet, 1 )ouble Sciney, Evew^eed, Gilliflower, (Dame's, Queen's, Rogue's, 

 \\ hitsun. Winter) Rocket, (Red, W^hite) Rocket, Sciney, Summer Lilac. 

 llecause ladies in Germany were said to put pots of it in their 

 boudoirs it is called Dame's \'iolet. Scine\' is a contraction for 

 Damascena, once its specific name. The name I^veweed refers to 

 its sweet scent at night. 



It is cultivated as a garden ])lant, but it does not remain double- 

 flowered any length of time. In the garden it needs a good loamy 

 soil. 



ESSENTI.\L -Sl'F.i IFIC ClI.VR.MTKRS I 



30. Hesperis nialroualis, L. - .Stem erect, tall, branched above, 

 pubescent, leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, dentate, Howers lilac, 

 scented, calyx erect, pedicels twice as long, pods tetragonal, stigma 

 lobed. 



