KNAPWJ'.KD 



59 



The maroina] florets arc like those in ilic centre, hut are some- 

 times enlarged and neuter as in L'cii/ciniYct i'vaii/is. The corolla is 

 tiilmlar, and enlarged alKue, making it accessii)le Id inan\' insects. 

 1 he llowerheails are purple and ('()ns[)icuous. The eenlral llorets 

 are bisexual, tin* lilanunts <;landular, and the anthers have an appen- 

 daoe at the farther extremity. 



Knapuekd [Ci-iilnnn-ci nii^ra. I..) 



The fruits have short hairs which aid in their dispersal by the wind 

 like other Composites. 



Knapweed is a cla\" plant, ^rowing on clay soil, or sand\' loam, 

 and is common on Triassic and Liassic formations, Boulder clay, &c. 



A search over the leaves will reveal two kinds of cluster cup, 

 Pnccinia arcnaviico/a and P. ccuiaiircce. A gall, Chiophoni sohhlialis, 

 infests it; two beetles, Spltacrodcrnia cardiii, Cassida vibcx; the 

 moths Parasia meizneriuel/a, Colcophora couspiciella, C. a/c)'Ofiipeiiiic//a, 

 Common Heath {Fidonia atomarid), Lime Speck {Eitpithccia cciitan- 

 reaia, Deprcssaria lilnrclla, D. arcnclla; a Heteropterous insect, Oiico- 

 tyliis vjridijlaviis; and the thes U re I /is data, U. ^-fasciata, 'Prypiia 

 jacea. 



Centaitrca, Pliny, is from Centaur, which is fabled to have had 



