204 ki.()\v]:rs ok THi', si«:a-c().\-st 



A beetle, 11 alt ii a taviaricis, u molh, (iclccliia liippopliac/la, three 

 Hoinopteni, Cixiiis slii^viaticns, C. rc»io/tis, Psyl/a hippoplia'cs, are found 

 upon it. A Hawk Moth, with larc^c orange caterpillars, feeds on it, 

 resembling the \ cllow fruits. 



mppophac. Dioscorides, is trmn the dreek hippos, horse, pliao. 

 shint'i iliaiuiioidcs means buckthorn like. 



The plant is called .Sea liuckthoni, .Sallow Thorn, Willow -ihorn, 

 Wirwivvle, \\'yr\ ivie. 



Essential Stecikic Ciiar.\( ti:ks: — 



273. Hippop/ta'c r/i a 11/ 1! aides, L. — l)i(ecious shrub, spinose, leaves 

 linear-lanceolate, sil\er\", male llowers in catkins, female soliiar_\", berries 

 scarlet. 



Common Sea Rush (J uncus marilimus, Lam.i 



Few of the maritime sj)ecies are preser\'ed in seed-bearini^ beds, 

 partly because no sections [iresent themselves, and j)artly l)ecause the 

 sea line in still earlier times was difterent, England being joined to 

 the Continent, and most of the maritime species are of more recent 

 date. The Common Sea Rush is no exception to this rule. This plant 

 ranges in the N. Temperate Zone from Gothland to Turkey, N. Africa, 

 W. Siberia, North America. In Creat P)ritain it is aljsent in X. Wales 

 from Merioneth, Carnarvon, in the Trent pro\ince from .S. Lines, in 

 the M umber province from S.E. Vorks, not occurring in Cumberland 

 in the Lakes province, the coasts of Berwick, Haddington, Edinburgh, 

 Forfar, Aberdeen, Banff, Main Argyll, Mid Ebudes, and not in the 

 N. Highlands or X. Isles. Elsewhere it is general around the coast 

 from I slay and Elgin to the English Channel. It is common in 

 Iri-land. 



The Common Sea Rush is familiar to all dwellers by the sea-coast, 

 being a regular member of the Salt-marsh formation, where it forms a 

 continuous fringe, as it does along the sea-coast itself It grows with 

 other Rushes, .Sedges, and Gras.ses, helping in places to protect the 

 coast from incursions of the sea. 



Owing to its deeply-rooted character forming a densely-matted 

 entanglement in which sand is retained, it is used as a coast protector 

 in Europe and America. The first Latin name refers to the use made 

 of Rushes as ropes, on account of their stringy nature. The stem 

 is wiry, erect, slender, with ])ale sheaths. The lea\'es are rounded and 

 acute. 



The flowers are pale, apetalous, without a corolla, in a loose 

 cvme which is terminal, and j)roliferous. The involucre consists of 



