UMBELLIFER^ 91 



the field has only confirmed the impression that the 

 plant is dependent on man at the present time in 

 Northern Europe. 



Smyrnium Olusatruin, L. Apparently native in some 

 parts of the Mediterranean area. In England locally 

 frequent, especially near the sea, but nearly always more 

 or less associated with human habitations. In most 

 of its stations, though thoroughly naturalised, its posi- 

 tion shows it to be a relic of cultivation. It is seldom 

 cultivated now, but in the fifteenth century it was one 

 of the commonest Umbelliferce in British gardens. 

 Celery has largely taken its place. It is apparently not 

 known, except as an obviously introduced plant, in 

 the neighbouring parts of the Continent, and the few 

 British stations in which it appears to be indigenous 

 should not perhaps be taken as sufficient warrant for 

 admitting it to our native list, adding as they would 

 so isolated an outlier to its native range. 



Tordylium aegjrptiacmn, Lam. A native of culti- 

 vated fields in the Eastern Mediterranean area. Once 

 observed in connection with imported grain in 

 England. 



Tordylium maximum, L. A native of bushy places 

 in Central and Southern Europe. Also widely spread 

 as a weed of cultivation. In England it was once 

 plentiful in the neighbourhood of Oxford, about London, 

 and in one or two other isolated spots. It may have 

 been introduced in all of these cases with agricultural 

 seed or with grain. 



