30 A FLORA OF MANILA 
Olivaceous; dark dull green. 
Operculum; a lid. 
Opposite; leaves and branches when on op- 
posite sides of the stem-.from each other, 
one part before another as a stamen in 
front of a petal. 
Orbicular; circular in outline. 
Organ; any definite part of a plant, as a leaf, 
a petal, etc. 
Outer; exterior. 
Oval; broadly elliptic. 
Ovary; that part of the pistil containing the 
ovules. : 
Ovate; like a longitudinal section of an egg, 
with the broader end downward. 
Ovoid; a solid body ovate in outline. 
Ovule; the body which is destined to become a 
seed. 
Palea; chaff; the inner scale of grass flowers; 
the chaff or bracts on the receptacle of 
many Compositae; the scales on the stipes 
of many ferns. 
Paleaceous; furnished with chaff. 
Palmate; when leaflets or the divisions of a 
leaf all spread from the apex of the petiole 
like the hand with the outspread fingers. 
Palmately; in a palmate manner. 
Panicle; an open and branched inflorescence. 
Panicled, or Paniculate; arranged in panicles, 
or like a panicle. 
Papery; with the texture of paper. 
Papilionaceous; butterfly-shaped, applied to 
such corollas as those of the beans. 
Papillate; covered with small protuberances. 
Pappus; the tuft of hairs on some seeds and 
fruits, or in the Compositae any append- 
ages on the apex of the achene. 
Parallel-veined or -nerved; leaves in which the 
nerves all run in straight lines either from 
base to apex or from the midrib to the 
margin. 
Parasitic; taking nourishment from another 
plant or animal. © 
Parietal; attached to the walls of the ovary or 
fruit. 
Parted; deeply cleft, the clefts not extending 
quite to the base. 
Pectinate; divided into narrow and close divi- 
sion, like the teeth of a comb. 
Pedate; same as palmate; but the lateral divi- 
sions 2-cleft. 
Pedicel; the stalk of a single flower. 
Pedicellate, or Pedicelled; borne on a pedicel. 
Peduncle; a flower-stalk, whether of a single 
flower or of a flower-cluster. 
Peduncled, or Pedunculate; furnished with a 
peduncle. 
Pellucid; wholly or partly transparent. 
Peltate; a shield-shaped leaf, whatever its 
shape, when the petiole is attached to the 
lower side, somewhere within the margin. 
Pendulous; somewhat hanging or drooping. 
Penta-; five, in words of Greek derivation, such 
as ‘‘pentamerous,’’ with its parts in fives, 
etc. 

Perennial; lasting from year to year. 
Perfect; flowers having both stamens and pis- 
tils. 
Perianth; the calyx and corolla collectively. 
Pericarp; the walls of the fruit. 
Perigynous; the petals and stamens borne on 
the calyx. 
Persistent; remaining beyond the period when 
such parts commonly fall. 
Petal; a single part of a corolla. 
Petaloid; petal-like, resembling or colored like 
petals. : 
-Petiole; the stalk of a leaf. 
Petiole or Petiolate; furnished with a petiole. 
Petiolulate; said of a leaflet when raised on its 
own stalk. 
Petiolule; the stalk of a leaflet. 
Phalanges; bundles of stamens in certain 
flowers. 
Phanerogamous; plants bearing flowers and 
producing seeds. : 
Phylloclade; a branchlet, assuming the form 
and function of a leaf. 
Pilose; hairy, clothed with soft slender hairs. 
Pinna: a primary division of a bipinnate or tri- 
pinnate leaf (plural pinnae). 
Pinnate; a compound leaf in which the leaflets 
are arranged along the sides of a common 
petiole. 
Pinnule; a secondary division of a bipinnate or 
tripinnate leaf. 
Pistil; the female organ of the flower, consist- 
ing of the ovary, the enclosed ovules, the 
stigma, and usually also the style. i 
Pistillate; having a pistil. 
Placenta; the part of the ovary to which the 
ovules are attached. j 
Plur- Pluri; a prefix meaning several or many 
in Latin words, such as plurifoliate, with 
many leaves. 
Pod; especially the fruit of the Leguminosae, 
a dry, usually dehiscent, few- to many: 
seeded fruit of a single simple carpel. 
Pollen; the powder contained in the anther. 
Polygamous; having some perfect and some 
unisexual flowers. 
Polymorphous; of several or varying forms. 
Polypetalous; when the petals are distinct or 
separate. 
Posterior; the side toward the main axis. 
Prickly; bearing small sharp projections as in 
the rose. 
Procumbent; trailing on the ground. 
Produced; extended or projecting. 
Prominent; standing out beyond some other 
part. 
Prostrate; lying flat on the ground. 
Puberulent; covered with fine and short or 
almost imperceptible hairs. 
Pubescent; hairy or downy, especially with fine 
and soft hairs or pubescence. 
Pulvinate; cushion-shaped. 
Punctate; marked with small dots or glands. 
Pyramidal; shaped like a pyramid. 
Pyrene; a seed-like nutlet or stone of a small 
drupe. 
Pyriform; pear-shaped. 
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