. . 
34 A FLORA OF MANILA 
A. Monocotyledoneae 
1. Flowers in the axils of scale-like, chaffy, usually imbricated bracts 
(glumes). 
2. Flowers perfect or 1-sexual; perianth none or of bristles or scales; 
ovary 1-celled; grass-like herbs. 
3. Sheaths split down one side; leaves 2-ranked; stems usually hollow; 
PUG oP (CV OUSIS Toolkit thee 13. Gramineae (p. 71) 
3. Sheaths with their margins united; leaves 3-ranked; stems solid; 
PPT ah vaCnOne: 4.2 5 cre eee 14. Cyperaceae (p. 106) 
2. Flowers always 1-sexual, usually monoecious; in dense, globose to 
ovoid, solitary heads, the bracts thin; perianth segments 3 or 6; 
ET eee COMO ca niscn yi gncen'gnadnseubcnrssaeeck-gadaic eee 19. Hriocaulaceae (p. 135) 
1. Flowers very minute, naked, in pouches on the surface of very small, 
floating, scale-like, green plants, the perianth entirely wanting. 
17. Lemnaceae (p. 134) 
1. Flowers on a usually fleshy spadix, perfect, or the females below and the 
males above, the whole surrounded by a protecting spathe. 
; 16. Araceae (p. 128) 
1. Flowers without glumes, not on a spadix; perianth present or absent; 
plants of various habit but never scale-like and. floating. 
2. Perianth rudimentary, of bristles or scales, never corolla-like, or 
entirely wanting. 
3. Terrestrial shrubs or trees, or woody vines, with elongated, spirally 
arranged, spiny-toothed leaves....................-- 9. Pandanaceae (p. 66) 
3. Aquatic or marsh herbs. 
4. Marsh herbs with erect stems and long, narrow, erect leaves, the 
flowers in dense terminal spikes................ 8. Typhaceae (p. 65) 
4. Aquatic herbs, entirely submerged or some leaves floating on the 
surface of the water. z 
5. Leaves entire; ovary of several distinct carpels; stigmas disk- 
like,on ‘cup-like..<.-<-.2s0is--5a0-h 10. Potamogetonaceae (p. 67) 
5. Leaves slender, toothed; ovary of united carpels; stigmas 
plevitiowe Ne. Whos te, 2.36 ick ss Sohn ee ne 11. Najadaceae (p. 68) 
2. Perianth of two distinct series, the inner series petal-like. 
83. Aquatic plants, mostly submerged........ 12. Hydrocharitaceae (p. 68) 
3. Terrestrial plants. 
4. Woody plants, mostly tree-like, sometimes climbing, with large, 
pinnate, bipinnate, or fan-like leaves............ 15. Palmae (p. 121) 
4. Herbaceous plants, or if woody, then with simple, narrow leaves. 
5. Flowers regular or nearly so. 
6. Endosperm mealy. 
7. Ovary superior. 
8. Ovary 1-celled; rush-like slender herbs, the flowers in 
small, dense, long-peduncled, bracteate spikes. 
18. Xyridaceae (p. 135) 
8. Ovary 2- or 3-celled. 
9. Flowers 1-sexual, monoecious, very small, in dense, 
long-peduncled, bracteate, globose to ovoid heads. 
19. Eriocaulaceae (p. 135) 
9. Flowers perfect. 
10. Calyx and corolla very different; stamens free. 
19. Commelinaceae (p. 187) 
