: LYCOPODIACEAE 61 
Occasional in open dry grasslands, dry thickets, etc., Diliman, San 
Francisco del Monte, etc.; widely distributed in the Philippines. Japan 
and Korea to India, southward to Australia. 
2. L. flexuosum (L.) Sw. Nito (Tag., Vis.). 
A twining somewhat pubescent fern reaching a length of several meters, 
the dwarfed branches short or none, the stems somewhat ridged. Sterile 
pinnae pinnate, mostly 15 to 20 em long, the rachis usually narrowly winged, 
the upper pinnules sessile, subconfluent, the intermediate ones hastate and 
usually more or less cordate, the lowest ones usually pinnate, the segments 
oblong to lanceolate, obtuse to acuminate, 4 to 10 cm long, mostly 10 to 18 
mm wide, very finely serrate. Fertile fronds about the same size as the 
sterile ones, not more compound, the segments about as large as the sterile 
ones. 
Occasional in thickets, Masambong, San Francisco del Monte, Diliman, 
ete.; widely distributed in the Philippines. India to southern China south- 
ward to Australia. 
4. MARSILEACEAE (MARSILEA FAMILY) 
Slender plants growing in mud or in shallow water, the rootstocks 
creeping, the leaves long-petioled, 4-folialate, circinate in vernation, the 
leaflets sessile, obovate-cuneate, the nerves radiate-parallel. Sporangia 
borne in closed, short-stalked sori or sporocarps close to the rootstocks, on 
very reduced and modified leaves. Spores of two kinds, borne in the 
same sporocarp, macrosporangia each containing one macrospore, and mic- 
rosporangia, each containing numerous microspores. 
Genera 3, species 75, warmer parts of both hemispheres, a single genus 
and 1 or 2 species in the Philippines. Entirely different from all other 
ferns in habit. 
1. MARSILEA Linnaeus 
Characters of the Family as given above. (In honor of G. Marsigli, an 
early Italian botanist.) 
Species 56, in most warm countries, 1 or 2 in the Philippines. 
1. M. crenata Presl. 
Rootstock slender, creeping, branched, the stipes of the sterile fronds 2 
to 12 cm high, slender; leaflets 4, obovate-cuneate, glabrous, 10 to 15 cm 
long, or smaller in terrestrial forms, rounded and slightly crenate or 
subentire at the apex, the lateral margins entire, straight, cuneately nar- 
rowed to the sessile base. Sporocarps covered with brown hairs when 
young, becoming glabrous or nearly so, oblong, about 3 mm long, rounded, 
slightly compressed, somewhat clustered or solitary, their pedicels 5 mm 
long or less, the upper basal tooth prominent. 
In muddy places, shallow pools, ete., Caloocan and Santa Ana; widely 
distributed in the Philippines. Endemic. 
5. LYCOPODIACEAE (CLUBMOSS FAMILY) 
Perennial, erect, prostrate, or pendulous, simple or branched plants with 
fibrous roots, the stems usually produced. Leaves small, simple, 1-nerved, 
entire or toothed, continuous with the stem, mostly very numerous and 
densely arranged in many rows, rarely distichous. Sporangia in the axils 
of the leaves or crowded in terminal, often elongated spikes- at the ends 
