76 A FLORA OF MANILA 
1. |. cylindrica (L.) Beauv., var. koenigii (Retz.) Benth. Cogon (T2g.). 
An erect grass 30 to 80 cm high, the stems solid, rather slender, the 
nodes glabrous or bearded. Leaves flat, linear-lanceolate, acuminate, erect, 
20 to 50 cm long, 5 to 9 mm wide. Panicles exserted, dense, subcylindric, 
spike-like, white, 10 to 20 cm long, 5 to 15 cm in diameter, silvery-silky. 
Callus hairs copious, about twice as long as the glumes. Spikelets 3 to 4 
mm long. 
In open, rather dry lands, common, fl. at intervals throughout the year; 
widely distributed in the Philippines. All warm countries. 
5. POGONATHERUM Beauvois 
Slender, tufted, erect, annual or perennial grasses with capillary peduncles 
and small, erect leaves. Inflorescence spicate, solitary. Spikelets 1- or 
2-flowered, in pairs, usually a sessile perfect one, and a pedicelled female 
one, densely crowded on the slender, fragile rachis of the slender spike, the 
slender awns often interlaced. Glumes 4, thin, the first oblong, truncate 
or rounded, long-ciliate, the second as long as the first, acute or 2-toothed, 
awned, the fourth narrow, 2-fid, long-awned. Grain oblong, free. (Greek 
“beard” and “awn” in allusion to the inflorescence.) 
A genus of 2 or 3 closely allied species, India to Japan southward to 
Malaya, 1 in the Philippines. 
1. P. paniceum (Lam.) Hack. (P. saccharoideum Beauv.). 
A slender, densely tufted, branched, erect grass 15 to 40 cm high. 
Leaves 3 to 8 cm long, 3 mm wide or less. Spikes brownish, slender, 2 to 
4 cm long, the awns very slender, 1.5 to 2 em long. 
On ledges and banks along streams, and in ravines, Masambong, Guada- 
lupe, etc., fl. at intervals throughout the year; common and widely distri- 
buted in the Philippines. India to China and Japan, southward to Malaya. 
6. POLYTRIAS Hackel 
A low, slender, prostrate grass with ascending flowering branches, the 
spikes terminal, brown, hairy, solitary, the rachis jointed, each joint bearing 
two sessile spikelets and a pedicellate one, all 1-flowered. First and second 
glumes equal, hairy, pointed, the third lacking, the fourth hyaline, long- 
awned. Palea minute, subobsolete. (Greek “many” and “three,” in allu- 
sion to the joints of the rachis each bearing three spikelets.) 
A monotypic genus, native of Java, also found in Singapore (in- 
troduced?), and introduced in the West Indies. 
1. P. DIVERSIFLORA (Steud.) Nash. (P. praemorsa Hack.). 
A slender annual grass, the stems usually decumbent, branched below, the 
flowering branches erect or ascending, 20 to 40 em long. Leaves linear- 
lanceolate, 2.5 to 6 cm long, 2 to 4 mm wide. Spikes solitary, erect, brown, 
hairy, 4 to 7 cm long. Spikelets hairy, about 4 mm long, the awns about 
1 cm long. 
In open grass lands and waste places, fl. Oct.-Feb.; not common in the 
Philippines outside of the immediate vicinity of Manila. Introduced from 
Singapore or Java. Java, Singapore, and the West Indies (introduced). 
7. ARTHRAXON Beauvois 
Slender, annual or perennial, usually branched grasses, with rather 
short, lanceolate to broadly lanceolate, often cordate leaves. Inflorescence 
