GRAMINEAE 368 
In open grass lands, Caloocan to La Loma, fl. all the year. Known 
only from Luzon. 
38. CYNODON Persoon 
Perennial, slender, creeping grasses, the leaves narrow, flat. Spikelets 
small, 1- or 2-seriate, unilateral on 3 to 7, slender, digitately arranged 
spikes. Glumes 38, the first and second empty, thin, keeled, the third 
broader, thin, awnless. Grain oblong, free within the glumes. (Greek 
“dog” and “‘tooth.’’) ’ 
Species 5 or 6, mostly Australian, 2 in the Philippines. 
Spikes 3 or 4, mostly less than 3 cm long; flowering stems mostly less than 
RS Lg MOIR Gob Soo aS ARS EE pen 1. C. dactylon 
Spikes 5 to 7, 8 to 10 cm long; flowering stems about 40 cm high. 
2. C. arcuatus 
1. C. dactylon (L.) Pers. Grama (Sp.-Fil.) ; Bermuda Grass. 
Stems prostrate, usually widely creeping, branched and rooting at the 
nodes, sending up erect, short, flowering branches usually less than 20 cm 
high. Leaves 1.5 to 3 cm long. Spikes 3 or 4, 2 to 5 cm long, spreading, 
green or purplish. Spikelets imbricate, about 1.5 mm long. 
In lawns, along roadsides, and in waste places generally, fl. all the year; 
throughout the Philippines, possibly introduced. In all warm countries. 
2. C. arcuatus Presl. 
An erect or spreading and ascending grass, the flowering stems 35 to 
60 cm high, sometimes geniculate and rooting at the lower nodes. Leaves 
narrowly lanceolate, 6 to 15 cm long, 4 to 5 mm wide. Spikes 5 to 7, 
spreading, usually green, 8 to 10 cm long. Spikelets 2 mm long. 
In open grass lands, San Pedro Macati, fl. Aug.Jan.; rather widely dis- 
tributed in Luzon. Endemic. 
39. CHLORIS Swartz 
Erect, annual or perennial, usually tufted grasses with flat or convolute 
leaves. Spikelets 2-seriate, on one side of the digitately arranged spikes, 
the rachilla sometimes produced beyond the third glume and bearing one 
or more empty glumes, awned. First and second glumes unequal, acute or 
mucronate, or the second awned, the third glume acute or cleft, usually 
awned. 
Species about 40, mostly tropical, two in the Philippines, one apparently 
introduced. (Named for Chloris, the goddess of flowers.) 
1. C. BARBATA (L.) Sw. 
A tufted, erect grass 0.3 to 1 m high. Leaves flat, 10 to 20 cm long, 
linear-lanceolate. Spikes usually ascending, purple, 5 to 20, strict or 
flexuous, 5 to 8 em long. Spikelets 2 to 2.5 mm long, with 3 slender awns. 
Very common in open waste places, fi. all the year; in and about towns 
throughout the Philippines but certainly introduced. Tropics generally, 
but probably a native of tropical America. 
40. ELEUSINE Gaertner 
Annual or perennial tufted grasses. Leaves flat. Spikelets 3- to 12- 
flowered, all perfect (except the terminal one), sessile, 2- or 3-seriate, 
secund, imbricate, pointing forward, forming digitate or whorled spikes, 
laterally compressed, not jointed at the base; rachilla continuous between 
