116 A FLORA OF MANILA 
solitary, oblong-ovoid, 5 to 8 mm long, brownish. Glumes numérous, -all 
spirally arranged, oblong-ovate, obtuse, about 3 mm long. Nut obovoid, 
obtuse, compressed, brown, smooth, 1 mm long. Style-arms 2. 
In open lands, especially near the sea or within the influence of salt’ 
water, fl. all the year; widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropics of the 
Old World. 
4. F. schoenoides (Retz.) Vahl. 
A tufted, slender, glabrous plant 15 to 50 cm high, the leaves hasal, 
numerous, usually much shorter than the stems, filiform. Spikelets few, 
2 to 5 on each stem, peduncled, ovoid to oblong-ovoid, pale or brown, 1 to 
1.5 cm long. Glumes broadly ovate, all spirally arranged, obtuse or slightly 
mucronate, striate, about 4 mm long, all caducous from the base of the 
spikelet upward. Nut obovoid, somewhat compressed, shining, stalked, 
brownish, smooth, 1.5 to 2mm long. Style-arms 2. 
In open grass lands, San Pedro Macati, fi. Nov._Feb.; widely distributed 
in the Philippines. India to China, Malaya, and Australia. 
5. F. corniculata Merr. 
A slender, tufted, annual plant, quite glabrous, the basal leaves few, 
linear, 5 to 8 mm long, the leaves reduced to basal sheaths. Spikelets 
brown, few, 3 to 8 mm long, 3 to 5 in a simple umbel, the central one sessile. 
Glumes 15 or less, brown, ciliate on the margins, retuse or rounded, the 
keel prominent, excurrent as a stout awn. Nut obovoid, 0.5 mm long, 
verruculose, black; style 3-fid. 
In open grass lands, La Loma, fl. Nov—Dec.; known only from this 
locality. 
6. F. dipsacea (Rottb.) Benth. 
A slender, tufted, glabrous annual 8 to 20 cm high. Leaves short or 
sometimes as long as the stems, capillary. Umbels simple or sometimes 
compound mostly under 2 cm in diameter, of 2 or 3 to 8 or 10 spikelets, the 
bracts filiform. Spikelets ovoid, dense, 3 to 5 mm long, the glumes aristate, 
tips spreading. Nuts cylindric-oblong, brown, 0.5 mm long. Style-arms 2. 
On sandy mudbanks along the river near Pasig, fl. Feb—Apr.; widely 
distributed in the Philippines. Tropical Asia and Africa to Malaya. 
7. F. diphylla (Retz.) Vahl. 
An exceedingly variable, tufted, glabrous or somewhat pubescent plant 
80 to 50 cm high. Leaves linear to filiform, basal, numerous, 10 to 30 cm 
long, 1 to 3 mm wide. Umbels simple or compound, 3 to 7 cm long. 
Spikelets pedicelled or some sessile, brown, ovoid, 6 to 8 mm long. Glumes 
numerous, all spirally arranged, imbricate. Nut oblong-ovoid to obovate, 
1 to 1.2 mm long, distinctly longitudinally striate. 
Common in open grass lands, etc., fl. all the year, exceedingly variable; 
throughout the Philippines. All warm countries. 
8. F. ferruginea (L.) Vahl. 
A densely tufted, usually glabrous, sometimes slightly pubescent plant, 
the stems rather stiff, slender, 30 to 60 cm high. Leaves narrow, erect, 
stiff, striate, short, or sometimes none, the sheaths only present. Umbels 
simple or compound, usually contracted, 5 to 7 cm long. Spikelets brown, 
5 to 20, all pedicelled or some sessile, about 1 cm long. Glumes very 
numerous, ovate, 3 mm long, obtuse. Nuts obovoid, usually pale, or brown- 
ish, compressed, smooth, about 1.2 mm long. Style villous below, arms 2. 
