CYPERACEAE 119 
1. F. ciliaris (L.) Roxb. (F. glomerata Lam.). 
An annual, tufted, rather flaccid, usually hairy plant 15 to 40 cm high. 
Leaves scattered along the stems, 5 to 15 cm long, 4 to 7 mm wide. Clus- 
ters of spikelets 1 to 3 on each stem, rather dense, 1.5 to 2 em in diameter, 
each composed of from 8 to 12, 5 to 10 mm long spikelets. Glumes very 
numerous, oblong-ovate, with a terminal, aristate, straight, hairy, 1.5 to 2 
mm long awn. Petals clawed. Nutlet brown, 3-angled, smooth, about 
1 mm long. ¥ 
Abundant in old rice-paddies, Caloocan, San Pedro Macati, etc., fl. 
Oct._Jan.; throughout the Philippines. Tropical Asia and Africa, through 
Malaya to Australia. 
11. LIPOCARPHA R. Brown 
Glabrous, erect, tufted plants, the stems leafy only near the base, bearing 
a single head of few spikelets, the perfect flowers numerous. Glumes 
spirally arranged, deciduous, leaving the persistent rachilla marked with 
lozenge-shaped scars. Hypogynous bristles represented by 2 elliptic scales 
as long as the nut, style short, 2- or 3-fid. Nut small, oblong or ovoid, 
plano-convex, smooth, reticulate. (Greek “fat” and “chaff,” in reference : 
to the thick glumes of some species.) : 
Species about 13, of wide distribution, 2 in the Philippines. 
1. L. microcephala (R. Br.) Kunth. 
A slender, erect, tufted annual 10 to 40 cm high. Leaves narrow, 
slender, 2 to 10 em long. Spikelets 1 to 4 at the ends of the stem, sub- 
tended by 2, slender, leaf-like unequal bracts. Spikelets ovoid, 3 to 5 mm 
long, the glumes linear-lanceolate, very numerous, 2 mm long, the tips 
long-acuminate, spreading. Nut linear-oblong, about 1.2 mm long. 
In open places, Malabon, Pasay, fl. Sept.—Dec.; of local occurrence in 
the Philippines. Southeastern Asia to Australia. 
12. RYNCHOSPORA Vahl 
Tufted or scattered erect plants with long narrow leaves. Spikelets in 
one or more heads, or panicled. Glumes often 7 or 8, the lower ones dis- 
tichous, the upper spiral, the lower 3 or more empty, the next usually 
longer and containing a perfect flower, the next also nut-bearing, the 
upper ones male or sterile. Hypogynous bristles often present. Style 
dilated at the base, long, 2-fid, arms long or short. Nut oblong or ovoid, 
compressed, the style-base persistent. (Greek “beak” and “seed.”) 
Species about 150, most numerous in tropical America, about 3 in the 
Philippines. 
1. R. rubra (Lour.) Makino (R. wallichiana Kunth). 
A tufted, erect, rather slender, wiry, glabrous plant, the stems 20 to 60 
em high. Leaves mostly near the base, rather numerous, 10 to 30 cm 
long, about 2.5 mm wide. Heads solitary, dense, terminal, subglobose, 
1 to 1.5 em in diameter, each subtended by several, short, leaf-like bracts 
and containing from 20 to 50 spikelets. Glumes 6 or 7, brown. Nut ovoid, 
about 2 mm long. 
In open grass lands, Caloocan, fl. Aug.—_Dec.; widely distributed in the 
Philippines. India to Japan, Malaya, and Australia. 
