160 A FLORA. OF MANILA. 
ous, spreading or reflexed, oblong-ovate to lanceolate, acuminate, or 
caudate-acuminate, 25 to 60 em long, 5 to 20 cm wide, the petioles stout, 
short. Inflorescence about 30 cm long, the base of the peduncle with an 
oblong-lanceolate, chartaceous, 8 to 12 cm long bract. Branches about 
8, scattered, spreading, stout, about 5 cm long, covered with persistent 
bracts, each branch bearing several to many flowers, but only one opening 
at a time. Calyx about 4 cm long. Corolla pale-straw-colored, about 7 
em long, the tube cylindric, the upper lobe about 4 cm long, concave, 
erect, the other two as long but refiexed, oblong-ovate; lip about as long 
as the corolla-lobes, spreading. Capsule ellipsoid, woody, 3 to 4 cm long, 
splitting into 8 valves, crowned by the persistent calyx. (Fl. Filip. pl. 
1, Renealmia elegans.) 
Waste places, Singalon, rare, fl. all the year; widely distributed in 
the Philippines. Endemic. 
7. COSTUS Linnaeus 
Tall leafy herbs, sometimes branched, the leaves oblong to lanceolate, 
spirally arranged, the sheaths entirely closed. Inflorescence a dense, cone- 
like, terminal or basal spike, the bracts stiff, imbricate, persistent. Calyx 
tubular, 3-lobed. Corolla-tube broadly funnel-shaped, as long as the calyx- 
tube, the lobes large, showy, oblong to lanceolate. Lip large, obovate, 
somewhat spathe-like below. Stamen very broad and thin, petaloid, the 
‘staminodes none. Capsules woody, 3-celled, splitting down the back of each 
‘cell; seeds very numerous, black, angled. (The ancient Greek name.) 
Species about 100, chiefly in South America and Africa, few in the Indo- 
Malayan region, 2 in the Philippines. 
1. C. speciosus (Koenig) Smith. 
Stems stout, about 1 m high and 1.5 cm in diameter, leafy. Leaves 
spirally arranged, oblong, acuminate, subsessile, about 30 cm long, softly 
pubescent on the lower surface. Spikes solitary, terminal, ovoid, very 
dense, 5 to 8 em long, the bracts ovate, acuminate, purple, 3 to 4.5 cm long. 
Calyx flattened, purple, about 3 cm long, the lobes 3, rather short, ovate. 
Corolla-segments white, oblong, 5 to 6 cm long, pointed. Lip white, sub- 
orbicular, 6 to 8 cm long, crinkled, irregylarly and rather finely toothed, 
the margins incurved and meeting. Stamen flat, including the broad con- 
nective about 5 cm long, 12 to 15 mm wide. Capsules ovoid to globose, 
red, crowned by the persistent calyx, 1.5 to 2cm long. (FI. Filip. pl. 442.) 
Occasionally cultivated, fl. Sept._Dec.; widely distributed in the Phil- 
ippines. India to Formosa, southward to New Guinea. 
30. CANNACEAE (CANNA OR TICAS-TICAS FAMILY) 
Erect, coarse, perennial, unbranched herbs with leafy stems from fleshy 
rootstocks. Leaves large, oblong, acute or acuminate, parallel-veined from 
the midrib, their petioles sheathing the stem. Flowers irregular, perfect, 
medium to large, usually bright-colored and showy, in lax, simple or 
branched, terminal racemes, bracteate. Sepals 3, small, oblong. Corolla- 
tube cylindric, the segments 3, lanceolate, ‘equal. Staminal-tube connate 
below with the corolla-tube, the segments 4 or 5, unequal, petioled, much 
larger than the petals, one of the smaller ones with a single, 1-celled 
anther attached to its margin. Ovary inferior, 3-celled; ovules many; 
