ORCHIDACEAE 167 
upper ones much reduced. Racemes 5 to 15 em long, the bracts linear- 
lanceolate, the lower ones longer than the flowers. Flowers white, showy, 
the sepals oblong-lanceolate, 12 to 14 em long. Petals oblong, 6 to 8 mm 
long. Lip variable, sometimes hastate, sometimes lanceolate, acute, 11 to 
12 mm long. Spur usually wanting, when present slender and 2 mm long 
or less. 
In thickets and open grass lands, San Lazaro, Masambong, etc., fl. 
Oct._Nov.; widely distributed in the Philippines. Burma and the Malay 
Peninsula. 
8. H. congesta Ames. 
An erect, glabrous, rather slender terrestrial plant from somewhat fleshy 
rootstocks, 10 to 20 cm high. Leaves linear, grass-like, up to 11 em long 
and 7 mm wide, ascending, acuminate, the lower ones somewhat clasping 
the stem, the upper ones passing gradually into linear-acuminate bracts. 
Racemes rather dense, ovoid, 2 to 5 cm long, many-flowered. Flowers 
white, odorless, the lateral sepals somewhat ovate, acute, 4 mm long, the 
dorsal one slightly shorter. Petals falcate, shorter than the dorsal sepal. 
Lip 3-parted, the lateral lobes linear, 4 mm long, the middle one broader, 
6mm long. Spur slender, about 7 mm long. 
On banks of old rice-paddies, Caloocan, very rare, fl. Nov.—_Dec.; of wide 
distribution in the Philippines but of very local occurrence. Endemic. 
4, CLEISOSTOMA Blume 
Epiphytic herbs with elongated leafy stems, emitting solitary roots at 
the nodes, the stems not thickened at the base. Leaves distichous, spread- 
' ing, thick, flat, elongated, the base sheathing the stem. Flowers small, 
numerous, axillary, in spikes, racemes, or panicles. Sepals somewhat 
spreading, subequal, the petals similar to the sepals, both adnate to the 
column, spreading. Lip adnate to the base of the column, the base with a 
short or elongated spur with a scale or callus at its mouth. Column short, 
half-rounded, not winged. Anther terminal, 2-celled. Capsules narrow, 
elongated. (Greek “closed” and “mouth,” in allusion to the structure of the 
spur.) 
Species about 40, tropical Asia to Australia, about 5 in the Philippines. 
1. C. bicolor Lindl. 
An erect or ascending, vine-like epiphyte, quite glabrous, the stem often 2 
m in length, 4 to 7 mm thick, with usually one, long, stout, lateral root 
at each internode. Leaves thick, narrowly oblong, 10 to 18 cm long, 2.5 
to 3.5 em wide, apex somewhat obliquely retuse, base narrowed, sheathing. 
Inflorescence lateral, 40 to 80 cm long, long-peduncled, simple or sparingly 
branched above, the flowers racemosely disposed. Flowers 1.5 to 1.8 cm in 
diameter, yellow-green with purple spots. Lateral sepals elliptic, about 7 
mm long, the upper one oblanceolate, obtuse, about 1 cm long. Petals about 
8 mm long. Apical lobe of the lip orbicular-cordate, acute, fleshy, about 
2 mm long, the lateral lobes triangular. 
In shaded ravines, opposite Guadalupe, fl. May—Aug.; widely distributed 
in the Philippines. Endemic. 
5. DENDROBIUM Swartz 
Slender or coarse, epiphytic plants, the stems often elongated, usually 
bulbous at the base. Leaves distichous, flat, sessile. Flowers solitary, 
fascicled, or racemose, sometimes small and insignificant, sometimes large 
