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URTICACEAE | 179 
7. CUDRANIA Trécul 
Erect or climbing, dioecious, spiny shrubs with alternate, entire leaves, 
and small lateral stipules. Flowers in small, axillary, globose, peduncled 
heads. Male flowers: Sepals 8 to 5, oblong, obtuse, adnate to the bracts. 
Stamens 4, more or less adnate to the sepals. Female flowers: Sepals 
surrounding the ovary; style simple or 2-parted. Achenes enclosed by 
the fleshy bracts and perianth, forming a globose, fleshy head. (From its 
Malayan name.) 
Species 3 or 4, India to Australia, 1 or 2 in the Philippines. 
1. C. javanensis Tréc. 
A scandent or straggling glabrous shrub 2 to 4 m in length, the branches 
armed with stout, sharp, straight or somewhat recurved spines, 1 to 1.5 
em long. Leaves elliptic-ovate to oblong-ovate or oblong-obovate, shortly 
acuminate, base rounded, 3 to 8 cm long, shining. Heads solitary or in 
pairs, globose, short-peduncled, the female ones 7 to 8 mm in diameter, 
yellowish, dense, in fruit fleshy and up to 5 cm in diameter. (FI. Filip. 
pl. 418.) 
In thickets Pasay, La Loma, etc., occasional, fi. Feb—Aug.; widely dis- 
tributed in the Philippines. Tropical Asia to eastern Africa, Malaya, and 
Australia. 
8. FATOUA Gaudichaud 
An erect, branched, often suffrutescent herb with alternate, toothed 
leaves. Flowers monoecious, in axillary, peduncled heads, the male and 
female ones intermixed, the outer bracts forming an irregular involucre. 
Perianth of the male flowers deeply 4-lobed. Stamens 4, inflexed. Rudi- 
mentary ovary very small. Perianth of the female flowers similar to that 
of the male, but the lobes narrower. Style lateral, tapering into a long, 
slender, papillose stigma with a tooth-like branch at the base; ovule pen- 
dulous. Fruit small, surrounded by the persistent perianth, slightly com- 
pressed, the pericarp thinly crustaceous. 
A monotypic genus. 
1. F. japonica (Thunb.) Blume (F’. pilosa Gaudich.). 
An ascending or erect, slightly branched, suffrutescent herb, the branches 
slender, terete, 50 cm high-or less, slightly pubescent. Leaves ovate to 
ovate-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, base broad, truncate or somewhat 
cordate, 3-nerved, margins crenate-dentate, 2 to 6 cm long, 1 to 4 cm wide, 
widest at the base. Heads axillary, globose, solitary or in pairs, greenish- 
yellow, about 5 mm in diameter. 
In rather dry places on cliffs, talus-slopes, etc., opposite San Pedro 
Macati, fl. all the year; widely distributed in the Philippines. Japan and 
China through Malaya to Australia and Polynesia. 
37. URTICACEAE! (NETTLE OR LIPAY FAMILY) 
Herbs, shrubs, or trees, sometimes with stinging hairs, with alternate, 
rarely opposite, often oblique leaves. Inflorescence cymose, clustered, spi- 
cate, or panicled, axillary or terminal. Flowers small, unisexual, monoe- 


For a consideration of all the known Philippine species ‘of this family 
see Robinson, C. B., “Philippine Urticaceae.” Philip. Journ. Sci. 5 (1910) 
Bot. 465-5438; 6 (1911) Bot. 1-81. 
