AMARANTHACEAE 193 
2. A. CAUDATUS L. 
An erect, stout, branched, unarmed, annual herb 1 to 2 m high, sparingly 
pubescent or nearly glabrous, all parts usually reddish-purple. Lower 
leaves long-petioled, oblong-ovate to ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, up to 25 
em long, the upper ones similar but smaller. Inflorescence terminal and 
in the upper axils, paniculate, the panicles 15 to 30 cm. long, the primary 
branches very numerous, 10 to 15 cm long, densely flowered. Flowers 
about 1.5 cm long. Sepals oblong to oblong-obovate, apiculate, shorter 
than the caudate-acuminate bracts. Stamens 5. Utricle 8-toothed at 
the apex, circumsciss, exceeding the calyx. Seed brown or black, shining, 
about 1 mm in diameter, the margins round... (FI. Filip. pl. 480, A. panic- 
ulatus.) 
Cultivated for its ornamental foliage, fl. all the year. In various tropical 
and subtropical countries in both hemispheres, wild and cultivated; in- 
troduced in the Philippines. 
3. A. GANGETICUS L. 
A coarse, erect, unarmed, glabrous, much-branched herb 1 to 1.5 m high, 
the vegetative parts often dull-purplish or reddish. Leaves long-petioled, 
broadly ovate, acute or shortly acuminate, base long-decurrent-acuminate, 
5 to 12 cm long. Clusters of flowers in the lower axils, and forming 
elongated spikes which are cylindric, somewhat interrupted, up to 10 cm 
long and 1 cm in diameter. Bracts about 4 mm long, lanceolate, awned- 
acuminate. Sepals lanceolate, acuminate. Stamens 3. Utricle cireum- 
sciss, shorter than the sepals. Seed black, shining, about 1.2 mm in 
diameter. (FI. Filip. pl. 289, A. cruentus.) 
Occasionally cultivated, fl. July—Dec., and probably in other months; 
not spontaneous in our area, although so found in some parts of the 
Philippines, certainly introduced. Tropics generally, cultivated and in 
cultivated ground. 
4, A. viripIs L. Colites (Tag.). 
An erect, glabrous, branched, unarmed annual 30 to 60 cm high. Leaves 
long-petioled, 4 to 10 cm long, ovate, obtuse, tip usually notched, base 
truncate or decurrent. Inflorescence of terminal and axillary, simple or 
panicled, interrupted spikes. Flowers very small, densely disposed, green, 
about 1 mm long. Seed brown or black. (FI. Filip. pl. 262, Euxolus 
caudatus.) 
In open waste places, cultivated grounds etc., common, fi., all the year; 
throughout the Philippines, but probably introduced. All tropical and 
warm countries. 
6. PUPALIA Jussieu 
Herbs or undershrubs with opposite leaves. Flowers perfect or im- 
perfect, in spicate clusters, the imperfect ones reduced to awns bearing 
stellately spreading hooked bristles. Sepals 5, acuminate, 3- to 5-nerved. 
Stamens 5, nearly free below; anthers 2-celled; staminodes none. Ovary 
ovoid; style slender. Fruit an ovoid, compressed, indehiscent utricle. 
Species 3 in tropical Asia and Africa, 1 in the Philippines. 
1. P. ATROPURPUREA (Lam.) Mog. 
A slender, erect, straggling, glabrous or sparingly pubescent annual 
herb 0.5 to 1.5 m high. Leaves opposite oblong-ovate, acuminate, base 
111555——18 
