NYMPHAEACEAE 201 
2. ANDREDERA Jussieu 
A scandent, glabrous, annual vine from fleshy tuberous roots, Leaves 
somewhat fleshy, entire. Racemes axillary. Flowers small, perfect, the 
bracteoles small. Sepals 2, boat-shaped, enclosing the corolla, broadly 
keeled down the back. Corolla deeply 5-parted, thin. Stamens 5, the 
filaments reflexed in bud. Ovary small, rounded; styles 3, somewhat con- 
nate at the base. Utricle ovoid or globose, included in the perianth. 
A monotypic genus of tropical America, introduced in the Philippines. 
1. A. SCANDENS (L.) Mog. 
A glabrous, somewhat succulent, herbaceous, annual vine from large, 
fleshy, tuberous roots. Stems green or purplish, slender. Leaves shining, 
somewhat fleshy, ovate to oblong-ovate, obtuse to shortly acuminate, 5 to 
10 cm long. Racemes axillary, solitary, erect, usually simple, 12 to 20 
em long. Flowers numerous, pale-greenish, 3 mm:long, the sepals broadly 
winged down the back. 
Common in thickets along roadsides, etc., fl. Aug.-Nov. A native of tro- 
pical America, now thoroughly naturalized in and about Manila, but not 
reported from any other part of the Orient. 
49. NYMPHAEACEAE (WATERLILY OR LAUAS FAMILY) 
Aquatic perennial herbs, often from stout rootstocks, the leaves usually 
floating, often peltate. Flowers solitary, often showy, on elongated scapes, 
floating on the surface of the water or raised above the surface. Sepals 
3 to 5, free. Petals 38 to many, free, hypogynous or adnate to the fleshy 
disk. Stamens many. Carpels 3 or more, free or connate, or irregularly 
sunk in pits in the fleshy disk; ovules few or many. Fruit of free and 
indehiscent carpels, or the carpels more or less united, or sometimes of the 
enlarged fleshy disk bearing the nut-like carpels sunk in its crown. Seeds 
naked or arillate. 
Genera 8, species about 50, in all temperate and tropical regions, 2 
genera and 3 or 4 species in the Philippines. 
1. CASTALIA Salisbury 
Herbs of fresh water, the rootstocks large, creeping. Flowers on elon- 
gated scapes, usually floating, rarely borne above the surface of the water. 
Sepals 4. Petals white or colored, in several to many series, the inner 
ones gradually smaller and transformed into stamens. Filaments petal- 
like; anthers linear. Carpels many, in one series, sunk in the fleshy disk, 
crowned by the radiating stigmas; ovules many. Fruit a spongy berry 
ripening under water. (A fountain of Greek mythology.) 
Species about 25 in all warm countries, 2 in the Philippines. 
1. C. STELLATA (Willd.) Blume (Nymphaea stellata Willd.). Waterlily. 
Leaves ovate to suborbicular, entire, rounded, slightly peltate, base 
deeply cordate, 15 to 25 cm long, often purplish beneath, glabrous. Flowers 
fragrant, white, about 8 cm in diameter. Sepals green, with few purple 
dashes, acuminate. Petals linear-oblong to lanceolate. 
In stagnant pools of fresh water, Malate, rare, fl. Sept.-Nov.; in the 
Philippines known only from Manila, certainly introduced. Tropical Asia 
and Africa. 
