CRASSULACEAE _ 217 
60. MORINGACEAE (MoRINGA OR MALUNGAY FAMILY) 
Deciduous trees with soft wood. Leaves alternate, 3-pinnate; leaflets 
opposite, entire, the pinnules jointed to the rachis, usually glandular at the 
base. Panicles axillary. Flowers perfect, slightly irregular. Calyx cup- 
shaped, 5-cleft, the segments unequal, petaloid, deciduous from above the 
base. Petals 5, unequal, the upper one smaller, erect, the lateral ones ascend- 
ing, anterior one larger, reflexed. Stamens inserted on the edge of the disk, 
declinate, 5 perfect opposite the petals, alternating with 5, reduced, antherless 
filaments; anthers dorsifixed, 1-celled. Disk lining the calyx-tube. Ovary 
stipitate, 1-celled; style slender, tubular; stigma perforated; ovules nu- 
merous in 2 series on 3 parietal placentae. Capsule elongated, beaked, 
3-angled, loculicidally 3-valved, corky within. Seeds many, in pits on the 
valves, corky-winged. 
A single genus, containing 3 species, natives of western Asia and northern 
Africa. 
1. MORINGA Jussieu 
Characters of the Family. (From the Singalese name.) 
*1. M. OLEIFERA Lam. (M. pterygosperma Gaertn.). Malungay (Tag.); 
Horse-radish Tree. 
A small tree 8 m high or less, bark corky, roots with a pungent taste. 
Leaves 25 to 50 cm long, usually 3-pinnate; pinnae 4 to 6 pairs; leaflets 
3 to 9 on the ultimate pinnules, pale beneath, thin, ovate to elliptic, 1 to 2 
em long. Panicles spreading. Flowers white, 1.5 to 2 em long. Fertile 
filaments villous at the base. Ovary hairy. Pod 15 to 30 cm long, pen- 
dulous, 3-angled, 9-ribbed. Seeds 3-angled, winged on the angles. (FI. 
Filip. pl. 125.) 
Occasional in our area, but cultivated only, fl. Jan—May; widely distrib- 
uted in the Philippines. A native of India, now widely distributed in the 
tropics and probably introduced into the Philippines in prehistoric times. 
The leaves are cooked for food. 
61. CRASSULACEAE (STONECROP OR SIEMPREVIVA FAMILY) 
Succulent, usually perennial herbs. Leaves alternate or opposite, simple 
or pinnately compound, extipulate. Flowers small to large, cymose, 
sometimes spicate-racemose or paniculate, regular, perfect or unisexual. 
Calyx 4- or 5-fid, free. Petals as many as the sepals, free or connate. 
Stamens hypogynous or upon the petals, as many or twice as many as the 
petals. Carpels usually as many as the petals, with a hypogynous gland or 
scale at the base of each, free or connate below; ovules many on the edges 
of the carpels. Fruit a many-seeded follicle dehiscing down the inner face. 
Seeds albuminous; embryo terete; cotyledons short. 
Genera 13, species about 400, widely distributed, but few in Australia, 
Polynesia, and South America, 3 genera and 3 or 4 species known from 
the Philippines. 
he A <A 1. Bryophyllum 
Calyx-lobes free nearly to the base........................--.0.--ss2e0ecceeeeeee 2. Kalanchoe 
