IR6 A FLORA OF MANILA 
1. G. rubrum Blume. 
A shrub or small tree 3 to 6 m high, glabrous except the sometimes 
slightly pubescent twigs. Leaves coriaceous, 5 to 10 cm long, shining, 
elliptic-ovate to oblong, base acute, apex acuminate. Flowers small, about 
2.5 mm long, greenish, short-pedicelled, in axillary fascicles. Stamens 3. 
Ovary pubescent, globose, 8- to 5-celled, the styles united in a column about 
as long as the ovary. Capsule depressed-globose, glabrous, pink or red, 
7 to 10 mm in diameter, crustaceous, longitudinally about 6-sulcate. 
In dry thickets near Fort McKinley, La Loma, etc., fi. June-July, and 
probably in other months; widely distributed in the Philippines. Malaya. 
5. BREYNIA Forster 
Erect shrubs or small trees with alternate, often distichous, entire, 
simple leaves. Flowers very small, axillary, monoecious. Petals and disk 
none. Male flowers: Calyx turbinate or hemispheric, truncate, the rim 
sometimes much thickened and lobulate. Stamens 8; filaments united in 
a column. Rudimentary ovary none. Female flowers: Calyx hemispheric 
to rotate, shortly or shallowly 6-lobed, enlarged in fruit and disk-like or 
cupular. Staminodes none. Ovary globose, 3-celled; ovules 2 in each 
cell; styles 3, 2-fid or 2-lobed. Fruit fleshy, globose, indehiscent, seated on 
the enlarged persistent calyx. Seeds few. (In honor of J. Breyne, an 
early German botanist.) 
Species about 15, tropical Africa through Asia and Malaya to Polynesia, 
3 in the Philippines. ; 
Leaves usually ovate; calyx distinctly increasing in size in fruit. 
1. B. cernua 
Leaves subelliptic to oval; calyx not or but very slightly increasing in size. 
2. B. rhamnoides 
1. B. cernua (Poir.) Muell.-Arg. Matang-olang (Tag.). 
An erect glabrous shrub 1 to 6 m high, the branchlets and paste disti- 
chous. Leaves ovate or subovate, thin, pale beneath, 2 to 5 cm long, acute 
or obtuse. Flowers small, axillary. Fruit globose, pink or red, about 
5 mm in diameter, somewhat fleshy, seated on the green, enlarged, disk- 
like or saucer-shaped calyx which is often as wide or nearly as wide as 
the fruit. 
In thickets, Pandacan, fl. most of the year; common and widely dis- 
tributed in the Philippines. Timor to northern Australia. 
2. B. rhamnoides (Retz.) Muell.-Arg. Matang-olang (Tag.). 
An erect, monoecious, slender, glabrous shrub 1.5 to 4 m high, the 
branchlets distichous. Leaves elliptic to elliptic-ovate, distichous, obtuse 
or rounded, green above, pale beneath, 1 to 3 cm long. Flowers very 
small, greenish, axillary, short-pedicelled, about 1 mm in diameter. Fruit 
globose, pink, about 5 mm in diameter, somewhat fleshy, seated on the very 
slightly accrescent calyx. 
In thickets, Pasay, San Pedro Macati, etc., fl. June-July; widely distrib- 
uted in the Philippines. India to China and Malaya. 
6. FLUGGEA Willdenow 
Erect shrubs or small trees with small, alternate, entire, distichous 
leaves. Flowers small, pedicelled, dioecious, apetalous, axillary. Male 
flowers numerous. Sepals 5, imbricate. Stamens 3 to 5, alternating with 
