EUPHORBIACEAE 287 
the disk-glands; filaments free; rudimentary ovary large, 2- or 3-fid. 
Female flowers: Calyx as in the male. Disk annular, toothed. Ovary 1- 
to 3-celled; styles united below, recurved, entire or notched; ovules 2 in 
each cell. Fruit fleshy, globose, 3- to 6-seeded. (In honor of J. Fliigge, a 
German physician and botanist.) 
Species 6‘in the tropics of the Old World, 2 in the Philippines. 
1. F. virosa (Willd.) Baill. (F. obovata Wall.). 
An erect glabrous shrub 2 to 4 m high, with distichous, oblong-obovate 
to elliptic or ovate, thin, obtuse or acute leaves, 1 to 5 cm long, which are 
usually pale beneath. Flowers numerous, pale-yellowish, short-pedicelled, 
in dense axillary fascicles, the calyx about 2 mm in diameter. Stamens 
usually 5, exserted, free. Fruit globose, white, 5 mm in diameter or less, 
8- to 6-seeded. 
In dry thickets, not uncommon, fl. May-June; widely distributed in the 
Philippines. Tropical Asia and Africa, through Malaya to Australia. 
7. ANTIDESMA Linnaeus 
Trees or shrubs with alternate, entire, stipulate leaves. Flowers small, 
dioecious, in slender, axillary or terminal, simple or panicled spikes or 
racemes, apetalous. Male flowers: Calyx 3- to 5-toothed or lobed. Disk 
entire or lobed. Stamens 2 to 5, exerted, inserted around the disk, the 
rudimentary ovary small or none, glabrous or. hairy. Female flowers 
with the calyx as in the males, or sometimes truncate. Disk annular or 
cushion-like. Ovary 1-celled; stigmas 2 to 4; ovules 2. Fruit a small, 
ovoid to globose, fleshy, often compressed drupe, the seed compressed, 
rugose. (Greek “for” and “band,” the bark of some species used for 
cordage.) 
Species 65 or more in the tropics of the Old World, about 10 in the 
Philippines. 
1. Leaves broadly elliptic, rounded at the apex................ 1. A. ghaesembilla 
1. Leaves oblong-ovate to elliptic-ovate, acute or acuminate. 
2. Leaves 8 to 20 cm long, glabrous; fruit about 8 mm long.. 2. A. bunius 
2. Leaves 5 to 10 cm long, somewhat pubescent; fruit about 5 mm long. 
3. A. leptocladum 
1. A. ghaesembilla Gaertn. Binayoyo, Bignay-pogo (Tag.). 
An erect, much-branched tree 3 to 10 m high, more or less pubescent 
or nearly glabrous. Leaves broadly elliptic to elliptic-oblong, 3 to 8 em 
long, apex broad, usually rounded, base subcordate. Spikes pubescent, 
panicled, 4 to 10 em long, the flowers small, sessile, white. Stamens 4 to 
7. Fruit subglobose, olivaceous, acid, 4:to 5 mm in diameter, smooth, when 
dry strongly wrinkled. (FI. Filip. pl. 26.) ; 
In thickets, Masambong to Santa Mesa, Pasay, etc., fl. Mar._May, and 
probably in other months; widely distributed in the Philippines. Tropical 
Africa, Asia, and Malaya. 
2. A. BUNIUS (L.) Spreng. Bignay (Tag., Vis.). 
A dioecious tree 4 to 10 m high, glabrous. Leaves oblong, acute or 
shortly acuminate, base usually rounded, shining, 8 to 20 cm long, the 
spikes axillary or terminal, simple, usually 5 to 15 em long. Male flowers 
sessile, the calyx green, about 1.5 mm in diameter, shallowly lobed. 
Stamens 3; anthers purple. Female flowers shortly pedicelled, green. 
Calyx cup-shaped. Ovary glabrous. Fruit ovoid, fleshy, red, acid, edible, 
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