EUPHORBIACEAE 291 
about 8, inserted in 2 rows. Ovary 3- or 4-celled. Fruit 5 to 6 cm in 
diameter, subglobose, tardily dehiscing, usually 38-celled, 3-seeded. (Fl. 
Filip. pl. 296.) 
Immature specimens, Cementerio del Norte, fl. in regions near. Manila 
Jan.—March; widely distributed in the Philippines. Endemic. 
12. CODIAEUM Jussieu 
Erect, branched, glabrous shrubs with alternate, entire or lobed, often 
variegated leaves. Flowers monoecious, in unisexual, axillary racemes, 
sometimes a female flower at the base of the male racemes. Male flowers 
white, fascicled, pedicelled. Calyx-lobes 3 to 6, thin, imbricate. Petals 
much smaller than the sepals, alternate with the disk-glands. Stamens 15 
to 30, free. Female flowers solitary, the calyx 5-lobed. Petals none. 
Ovary 3-celled, cells 1-ovuled; styles slender, entire. Capsule globose, of 
three 2-valved cocci. (From the Malayan name.) 
Species about 7 in Malaya, Australia, and Polynesia, 4 in the Philippines. 
*1.C. VARIEGATUM (L.) Blume. San I rancisco, Buenavista (Sp.-Fil.) ; 
Saguilala (Tag.); Croton. 
An erect, branched, glabrous shrub 1 to 2 m high, the leaves exceedingly 
variable in shape and color, linear to oblong, entire or sparingly lobed, 
flat or variously crisped, undulate, or even spiral, sometimes interrupted, 
8 to 25 cm long, 6 to:10 cm wide, pale-green, green to purple, some forms 
spotted or mottled with yellow, others with the midrib and nerves red or 
purple, etc. Racemes axillary, solitary, lax, 15 to 25 cm long, the pedicels 
slender. Male flowers white, about 6 mm in diameter, the sepals reflexed. 
(F1. Filip. pl. 390.) 
Very common in cultivation but not spontaneous, fi. at intervals through- 
out the year; in towns throughout the Philippines. Probably a native 
of the Moluccas, now cultivated in most tropical countries. The leaves are 
infinitely variable in form and color, in these respects by far the most 
variable plant in the Archipelago. 
13. SUMBAVIA Baillon 
Shrubs or trees with pale, dense, stellate pubescence. Leaves alternate, 
broad, 3- or 5-nerved, entire or slightly toothed. Flowers monoecious, in 
axillary, spike-like racemes, the males subsessile, clustered, the females 
solitary, pedicelled, below the males. Male flowers: Calyx globose, thin, 
splitting into valvate lobes. Petals 4 or 5, short. Stamens many, on a 
convex, eglandular receptacle, filaments free. Rudimentary ovary none. 
Female flowers: Calyx 5- or 6-fid, the lobes narrow. Petals small or none. 
Ovary 3-celled; styles recurved; ovules 1 in each cell. Capsule of two or 
three 2-valved cocci. (From the Island of Sumbava.) 
Species 3, Burma to Malaya, 1 in the Philippines. 
1. S. rottleroides Baill. Quilap or Quirap (Tag.). 
A shrub 2 to 3 m high, the young branches, petioles, inflorescence, and 
lower surfaces of the leaves densely white- or gray-stellate-pubescent. 
Leaves broadly ovate to orbicular-ovate, 5 to 9 em lorig, the upper surface 
glabrous, base broad, rounded or truncate, 3- or 5-nerved, apex obtuse or 
very broadly blunt-acuminate, margins slightly undulate or subentire. 
Racemes in the upper axils, solitary, 5 to 7 em long, the lower flowers 
female, the upper ones male, both sexes densely stellate-tomentose. Fe- 
male flowers with a 6-cleft calyx. Capsule depressed-globose, 3-sulcate, 
