MALVACEAE 315 
Species about 35, mostly widely distributed in the tropics, 3 in the Phil- 
ippines. 
1. Capsule globose, not beaked.................0....cccsssssssssssssecaseeseees 1. C. capsularis 
1. Capsule elongated, beaked. 
2. Capsule 6- to 8-ribbed or winged, beak 8-fid................ 2. C. acutangulus 
2. Capsule cylindric, 10-ribbed, beak entire............................ 3. C. olitorius 
1. C. CAPSULARIS L. Pasao, Pasao na bilog (Tag.); Jute. 
An erect, branched, glabrous, annual herb, 1 to 2 m high, the stems 
usually purplish. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, 5 to 12 em long, slenderly 
acuminate, base rounded, tailed, margins sharply serrate; stipules linear, 
5 to 8 mm long. Flowers axillary, few in each axil, about 4 mm long, the 
sepals often purplish, the petals yellow. Capsules globose to globose- 
obovoid, about 1 cm in diameter, longitudinally ridged, prominently rugose, 
muricate, 5-valved. 
In open, low grass lands and waste places, fl. Oct.Jan., but never cul- 
tivated here; widely distributed in the Philippines, but probably introduced. 
A native of India, now wild or cultivated in many other tropical countries. 
2. C. ACUTANGULUS Lam. 
A low, diffusely branched, suffrutescent annual, usually less than 0.5 m 
high, the branches elongated, often spreading along the surface of the 
ground, the stems reddish-brown, somewhat hairy. Leaves oblong-ovate, 
finely toothed, acute, base rounded or slightly cordate, usually 2-tailed. 
Flowers axillary, yellow, about 5 mm long. Capsule 2 to 3 cm long, 4 to 6 
mm thick, narrowly oblong, prominently longitudinally 6- to 8-ridged or 
winged, apex with 3 or 4, erect or divergent beaks. (FI. Filip. pl. 141.) 
In open waste places, fl. Aug.—Jan.; throughout the Philippines, but 
probably introduced. Tropical Asia to Malaya and Africa; also in the West 
Indies. 
3. C. oLIToRIUS L. Tagabang, Pasao (Tag.); Jute. 
An erect, branched, glabrous or nearly glabrous suffrutescent annual, 1 
to 1.5 m high. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, 5 to 12 cm long, acuminate, base 
tailed, margins toothed. Flowers axillary, about 6 mm long, the petals 
yellow. Capsules elongated, cylindric, 10-ribbed, 3 to 3.5 cm long, 3- or 
6-valved, valves with transverse partitions between the seeds, beaked. 
In open, usually damp or wet lands, fl. Oct.-Jan.; widely distributed in 
the Philippines, but probably introduced. A native of India, now found in 
most tropical countries. 
84. MALVACEAE (HIBISCUS OR GOMAMELA FAMILY) 
Herbs, shrubs, or trees, rarely scandent. Leaves simple, alternate, and 
with the herbaceous parts often stellate-pubescent; stipules free, sometimes 
caducous. Bracteoles 3 or more, whorled at the base of the calyx, or 
wanting. Flowers axillary or terminal, solitary or panicled, regular, perfect. 
Sepals 5, free or connate. Petals 5. Stamens many, rarely few, the 
filaments connate into a staminal-tube which is more or less adnate to the 
base of the petals, the anthers various. Ovary 2- to many-celled, entire 
or lobed, of 2 to 5 or more carpels arranged in a whorl around a central 
axis. Fruit of dry cocci separating from the axis, or capsular and locu- 
licidal. 
