316 A FLORA OF MANILA 
Genera 33, species about 725 of wide tropical and temperate distribution, 
11 genera and 40 species in the Philippines. 
1. Fruit composed of carpels separating from the central axis when mature. 
2. Styles as many as the carpels. 
8. Ovules solitary; corolla less than 1.5 cm in diameter. 
4, Carpels with 3 short spines; ovules ascending........ 1. Malvastrum 
4. Carpels with 2 awns or awnless; ovules pendulous................ 2. Sida 
By Onwlos: BOF Me ok ioe che icseetetetennownttee- opt iyi neg 3. Abutilon 
2. Styles or branches of the stigmas twice as many as the carpels. 
3. Flowers fascicled, axillary; coarse erect herbs................ 4. Malachra 
3. Flowers solitary. 
4. Bracteoles 5; fruit of 5 spiny carpels.........--....--22-22000-2-0000---2 5. Urena 
4. Bracteoles more than 5; flowers red; carpels connate into a some- 
what fleshy fruit; cultivated only..........................-. 6. Malvaviscus 
1. Fruit capsular, dehiscent, or subindehiscent. 
2. Stigmas spreading. 
3. Cells of ovary 1l-ovuled; spreading herbs.................... 7. Kosteletzkya 
3. Cells of the ovary 2- to many-ovuled; erect herbs, or shrubs or trees. 
4, Calyx spathe-like, splitting down one side and circumscissly de- 
COMMA TIER) ov thc sl weciebcnan. thee alist ecg: teenel pester 03] 8. Abelmoschus 
4. Calyx regularly lobed, persistent...............200222.-..0.-20----- 9. Hibiscus 
2. Stigmas coherent in a club-shaped mass. 
3. Bracteeles 3: tit, by smalls) <5... ec kccppisa-- a srsech--seakesern- 10. Thespesia 
3. Bracteelest 3, very: lawee...seciel. cece ok. teed epee 11. Gossypium 
1. MALVASTRUM A. Gray 
Herbs or undershrubs, the leaves toothed. Flowers yellow, axillary and 
terminal. Calyx cup-shaped, 5-parted. Petals longer than the sepals. 
Staminal-tube anther-bearing at the summit, with no sterile teeth; anthers 
numerous. Ovary 5-celled or more; styles as many as the carpels. Ripe 
carpels separating from the short torus, indehiscent, 1-seeded, beaked or 
not (From Malva another genus of the family.) 
Species about 60, all American and South African, 2 widely distributed 
as weeds, 1 in the Philippines. 
1. M. COROMANDELINUM (L.) Garcke (M. tricuspidatum A. Gray). Quina- 
lumpang (Tag.). : 
An erect, somewhat hairy, branched, suffrutescent, perennial plant 1 m 
high or less. Leaves oblong to ovate-lanceolate, obtuse, base usually 
rounded, irregularly toothed, 2 to5cmlong. Flowers axillary and terminal. 
Calyx green, about 7 mm long, the lobes lanceolate, acuminate. Corolla 
yellow, the petals about 8 mm long. Fruit consisting of from 8 to 12, 
reniform, compressed, hirsute carpels 2 to 3 mm long, each carpel with 
3 short straight awns. (FI. Filip. pl. 251, M. ruderale.) 
Abundant in waste places, fi. all the year, introduced; throughout the 
Philippines. A native of tropical America, now widely distributed in the 
tropics. 
2. SIDA Linnaeus 
Erect, branched, suffrutescent herbs or undershrubs, or trailing herbs, 
more or less stellate-pubescent or nearly glabrous. Leaves simple or some- 
what lobed, toothed. Flowers axillary. Calyx-lobes 5, valvate. Petals 
yellow, free above, connate below and adnate to the staminal-tube. Stamens 
