RHIZOPHORACEAE 347 
base connate. Petals 4, entire. Ovary half-inferior. Fruit ovoid, pendu- 
lous the calyx lobes persistent, reflexed, the radicle germinating on the 
tree, long-protruded, perforating the apex of the fruit. (Greek “root” and 
“to bear.’’) 
Species about 5, tropics generally, on muddy seashores, along tidal- 
streams, etc., characteristic trees of the mangrove swamps, 2 in the 
Philippines. 
Peduncles much shorter than the petioles, 2-flowered............ 1. R. conjugata 
Peduncles about as long as the petioles, 3- to 7-flowered........ 2. R. mucronata 
1. R. conjugata L. Bacao, Bacauan (Tag.). 
A tree of the mangrove swamps, up to 12 m high, with prop-roots. 
Leaves coriaceous, green and shining, oblong-elliptic, 10 to 16 cm long, 
apex acute or mucronate, base acute. Penducles from the axils of fallen 
leaves, shorter than the petioles, 2-flowered. Flowers sessile. Fruit ovoid, 
pendulous, brown or olivaceous, about 4 cm long, the persistent calyx-lobes 
reflexed, the protruded radicle green, cylindric, 20 to 40 cm long. (FI. 
Filip. pl. 135, R. mucronata.) 
Along tidal streams, fish-ponds, etc., Malabon, fl. most of the year; 
throughout the Philippines along tidal streams, one of the characteristic 
trees of the mangrove swamps. Tropical shores of Asia, Africa, and 
Malasia. 
2. R. mucronata Lam. Bacao, Bacauan (Tag.). 
Very similar to the preceding species, and with the same habit. Leaves 
oblong-elliptic, coriaceous, shining, up to 16 cm long, apex with a slender 
mucro. Peduncles axillary, 2.5 to 4 cm long, about as long as the petioles, 
forked at the apex, bearing from 3 to 7 flowers. Flowers and fruit about 
as in the preceding species. 
In mangrove swamps, along tidal streams, etc., fl. most of the year. 
Range about the same as for R. conjugata. 
2. BRUGUIERA Lamarck 
Trees or shrubs of the mangrove swamps with prop-roots, glabrous. 
Leaves entire. Flowers axillary, solitary or cymose, small or large. Calyx 
split into 8 to 14 narrow lobes, obconical or campanulate. Petals oblong, 
2-lobed or emarginate, appendiculate. Stamens 16 to 28; anthers linear, 
mucronate, about as long as the filaments. Ovary 2- to 4-celled. Fruit 
included in or adnate to the calyx-tube, 1-celled, 1-seeded, germinating 
on the tree. (In honor of J. G..Bruguieres.) 
Species about 7, along the seashores and tidal streams in the tropics 
of the Old World, characteristic of the mangrove swamps, 4 in the Philip- 
pines. 
. Flowers about 3 cm long.................... see eet | ae ee 1. B. eriopetala 
PRUE SOO ROTI TRS ye a a ed 2. B. cylindrica 
1. B. eriopetala W. & A. Pototan, Busain, Bacauan (Tag.). 
A small or large tree, the young branches usually slender. Leaves 
coriaceous, shining, oblong-elliptic to oval-oblong, acute at both ends, 8 
to 16 cm. long. Flowers yellow, axillary, solitary, 3 cm long, the pedicels 
decurved. Calyx-lobes usually 10. Petals shorter than the calyx-lobes, 
cleft at the apex, bearing a stout seta in the sinus, the edges clothed with 
