VERBENACEAE 397 
1. Inflorescence spicate, the lower flowers opening first, spikes solitary or 
cymosely panicled, 
2. Trees or shrubs of muddy seashores with small, densely arranged 
flowers and rather large capsular fruits, the valves thick, leathery. 
1. Avicennia 
2. Prickly aromatic shrubs with fleshy fruits........000000000.00....... 2. Lantana 
2. Prostrate spreading herbs with dense short spikes................ 3. Lippia 
2. Erect branched herbs with much-elongated, slender spikes of blue 
Re aly Ry a eae er ee ae ae ED 4, Stachytarpheta 
1. Inflorescence racemose, the lower flowers opening first. 
2. Ovary 8-celled; calyx not enlarged; fruit fleshy.................... 5. Duranta 
2. Ovary 2-celled; calyx lobes elongated, spreading and persistent in 
fruit; fruit a capsule, included in the calyx-tube................ 6. Petraea 
1. Inflorescence cymose or panicled, not spicate or racemose. 
2. Flowers in 6- to 9-flowered involucrate heads, the heads in terminal 
SS SRE Lee ee ee: Re Oey A See ae CONE cee 7. Symphorema 
2. Flowers not involucrate. 
8. Corolla regular or subregular, not 2-lipped. 
4. Corolla 4-merous, regular; flowers small, in many-flowered axil- 
Ee ae, oe ee eee ye te oe eee See 8. Callicarpa 
4. Corolla 5-merous, usually elongated, often large and showy, in 
terminal, rarely axillary, cymose panicles.......... 9. Clerodendron 
8. Corolla 2-lipped. 
4, Flowers small, in our species greenish, white, or blue. 
5. Leaves 8- to 5-foliolate; flowers blue.........................--.--- 10. Vitex 
5. Leaves simple; flowers greenish or white.................... 11. Premna 
4. Flowers large, yellow, subtended by large bracts, in narrow, sub- 
PACOMOBES, PANIC) CYNE, «ni anc. sdsen cnn code nnn nnnqensqetbones 12. Gmelina 
1. AVICENNIA Linnaeus 
Shrubs or trees of the mangrove swamps or along tidal streams. Leaves 
opposite, coriaceous, entire, pale. Inflorescence terminal or in the upper 
axils, of contracted peduncled cymes or heads, or these sometimes arranged 
in a trichotomous corymb. Flowers small. Calyx 5-parted, the segments 
imbricate. Corolla-tube short, the limb spreading, 4-lobed. Stamens 4, 
inserted on the corolla-throat. Ovary imperfectly 4-celled, 4-ovuled, the 
ovules pendulous. Fruit a somewhat fleshy capsule, dehiscing by 2 thick 
valves, 1l-seeded. (Latin form of Abu Ben Sina, a celebrated Arabian 
physician.) 
Species 3, tropical seashores of both hemispheres, 1 or 2 in the Phil- 
ippines. 
1. A. officinalis L. Apiapi, Bungalon, Pipisic (Tag.). 
A shrub or tree reaching a height of 8 m, often flowering when less 
than 1 m high. Leaves oblong-obovate to elliptic, apex obtuse or rounded, 
base narrowed, acute, coriaceous, 4 to 10 cm long, the upper surface shining, 
the lower white or pale-grayish. Flowers yellow, densely crowded, the 
few-flowered heads 1 cm in diameter or less, the heads peduncled, solitary 
to eymosely arranged. Corolla about 5 mm long, pubescent or nearly 
glabrous. Capsule ovoid, pointed, pubescent, up to 2.5 cm in length. (Fl. 
Filip. pl. 73.) 
Along tidal streams, common, fl. Apr._Aug.; throughout the Philippines 
along the seashore. East Africa to tropical Asia through Malaya to New 
Zealand and Polynesia. 
