SCROPHULARIACEAE 421 
2. CENTRANTHERA R. Brown 
Erect, rigid, scabrid, branched herbs with oblong to linear, entire or 
toothed, opposite leaves, or the upper ones alternate. Flowers alternate, 
spicate, bracteate and 2-bracteolate. Calyx spathe-like, split on one side, 
the lobes cohering or free. Corolla-tube elongated, curved, inflated above, 
the limb oblique, the lobes spreading, subequal. Stamens 4, in 2 pairs, 
included; anthers meeting in pairs, the cells spurred; filaments hairy. Cap- 
sule ovoid, loculicidal, the seeds very numerous, small. (Greek “spur” and 
“flower,” from the spurred anthers.) 
Species 5, India to China, Malaya, and Australia, 1 in the Philippines. 
1. C. hispida R. Br. 
An erect, branched, rigid, scabrous, hairy herb 20 to 60 cm high. Leaves 
linear to linear-oblong, entire, acute or obtuse, 1 to 3 cm long, sessile. 
Flowers scattered, alternate, sessile. Calyx greenish, usually tinged with 
purple, about 8 mm long, the lobes cohering. Corolla yellow, the tube tinged 
with reddish-purple, about 2 cm long, the limb 1.7 cm in diameter. Capsule 
about 7 mm long, surrounded by the persistent calyx. 
In open dry grass lands, La Loma, San Pedro Macati, etc., fl. Nov.—Jan.; 
widely distributed in the Philippines. India to China, Malaya and Aus- 
tralia. 
3. RUSSELIA Jacquin 
Erect shrubs with green angular branches, the leaves opposite or verti- 
cillate, few, those of the branches usually reduced to small scales. Cymes 
dichotomous, bracteate, lax or dense, few- to many-flowered. Calyx deeply 
5-fid, the segments imbricate. Corolla red, the tube cylindric, the limb 
5-fid, the lobes all subequal, spreading. Stamens 4, in 2 pairs, included; 
style filiform; ovules numerous. Capsule subglobose, dehiscent, the valves 
2-fid. (In honor of A. Russel, an English physician.) 
Species 5 or 6 in Mexico and Central America, 1 now widely cultivated 
in warm countries. 
1. R. JUNCEA Zuce. Coral Flower. 
An erect, branched, glabrous, nearly leafless plant with green angled 
stems 1 to 2 m high. Branches whorled, slender, wiry. Leaves few, scat- 
tered, small, oblong to oblong-ovate, 1.5 cm long or less, often wanting. 
Flowers in lax, few-flowered, racemosely arranged cymes. Calyx greenish, 
about 3 mm long, ovoid or cup-shaped, regularly 6-lobed. Corolla bright- 
red, about 2.5 em long, about 3 mm in diameter below, slightly enlarged 
upward, nearly regular, very slightly 2-lipped, the lobes 5, ovate or oblong- 
ovate, subequal, about 3mm long. (FI. Filip. pl. 461.) 
Cultivated for ornamental purposes, fl. Nov._Feb., in some parts of the 
Philippines spontaneous. A native of Mexico and of comparatively recent 
introduction in the Philippines. 
4. BACOPA <Aublet 
Glabrous, usually small, erect or spreading, often punctate herbs. Leaves 
entire or toothed. Flowers axillary or racemose, blue, white, or yellow, 
the pedicels bracteate or not. Sepals 5, the upper one often large. Corolla- 
tube cylindric, 2-lipped, the lips spreading, the upper lip outer in bud, 
