448 A FLORA OF MANILA 
long as the calyx. Capsule ovoid, about 4 mm long, not protruded beyond 
the calyx-segments. 
In waste places, fl. most of the year; widely distributed in the Philip- 
pines, possibly introduced. India to Japan and Malaya. 
4. O. herbacea L. (O. heynii R. Br.). 
An erect, slender, rather rigid, dichotomously branched, annual herb 20 
to 40 em high, the stems 4-angled, internodes long. Leaves linear, very ~ 
narrow, 1 to 3 cm long, sessile. Flowers axillary, solitary, white, about 
5 mm long, the pedicels slender, 1 to 2 cm long. Capsule ovoid, about 3 
mm long, the calyx-teeth lanceolate, short, the top of the capsule rounded, 
protruded beyond the calyx-segments. 
In open grass lands, Masambong, fl. Oct.-Dec.; occasional in the Phil- 
ippines. Tropical Africa, India, and Ceylon. 
5. O. brachyphyila Merr. 
A very slender, erect, weak, pale-green, simple or sparingly branched 
annual herb 4 to 25 cm high, glabrous or minutely scabrid, the stems 
obscurely 4-angled. Leaves lanceolate, sharply acuminate, 3 to 7 mm long, 
1 to 1.8 mm wide, sessile, base scarcely narrowed; stipules very short, entire, 
a mere connecting membrane. Flowers axillary, solitary, their pedicels 8 
to 10 mm long. Calyx green, 2.5 mm long, cleft about half way to the 
base into 4, lanceolate, acuminate teeth. Corolla white, the tube inflated, 
2 mm long, slightly contracted at the mouth, lobes 4, spreading, broadly 
ovate, acute or obtuse, 1.6 mm long, throat villous. Capsule obovoid or 
ovoid, 2 mm long. Seeds numerous, small, black, pitted. 
In old rice paddies and open wet grass lands, Caloocan to Masambong, 
fil. Oct.-Jan.; known only from the vicinity of Manila. Endemic. 
5. MUSSAENDA Linnaeus 
Shrubs or small trees, rarely climbing, with opposite leaves. Flowers 
yellow or white, in terminal cymes, the bracts and bracteoles deciduous. 
Calyx oblong, the- lobes 5, usually deciduous, 1 usually persistent and much 
enlarged, forming a petioled, white, leaf-like appendage. Corolla tubular, 
slightly enlarged above, pubescent, the lobes 5, short, throat villous. Sta- 
mens 5, inserted at the throat or below. Ovary 2-celled, many-ovuled. 
Fruit fleshy, areolate at the top, with many smal] seeds. (From the 
Singalese name.) 
Species 50 or more, tropical Africa to Asia and Polynesia, about 12 in 
the Philippines. 
1. M. philippica L. C. Rich. (M. grandiflora Rolfe). 
A shrub or small tree 3 to 5 m high, more or less pubescent or nearly 
glabrous. Leaves oblong-ovate to oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 6 to 14 cm 
long, base acute; stipules about 4 mm long, 2-fid. Cymes terminal, rather 
open, pubescent, few-flowered. Calyx about 7 mm long, four of the teeth 
as long as the tube, one very much enlarged as a white, leaf-like, long- 
petioled, elliptic-ovate appendage, the lamina 4 to 8 cm long. Corolla 
yellow, pubescent, about 2 cm long, enlarged upward. Fruit about 1.5 cm 
long. (FI. Filip. pl. 58, M. frondosa.) 
In thickets, Masambong, fl. Aug—Dec.; common and widely distributed 
in the Philippines, variable. Perhaps only the Philippine representative of 
the Indo-Malayan Mussaenda frondosa L. 
