462 A FLORA OF MANILA 
133. CAMPANULACEAE (BLUEBELL FAMILY) 
Herbaceous plants, sometimes climbing, often with milky juice. Leaves 
alternate or opposite, entire or toothed. Flowers axillary or terminal, 
solitary, spicate, or racemose. Calyx-limb 4- to 6-parted, usually persistent. 
Corolla regular or irregular, tubular, campanulate, or rotate. Stamens 4 
to 6, alternating with the lobes, inserted on the corolla-tube or on the 
margin of an epigynous disk; anthers free or united in a tube. Ovary in- 
ferior, 2- to 5-celled, many-ovuled. Fruit capsular, dry or berry-like. Seeds 
small, numerous. 
Genera 13, species over 200, in all parts of the world, 8 genera and 10 
species, in the Philippines. 
Flowers very small, in dense, terminal, cylindric spikes.......... 1. Sphenoclea 
Flowers large, axillary, solitary, the corolla-tube up to 10 cm in length; 
cultivated) :Only.22.. etic cent ie es eee 2. Isotoma 
1. SPHENOCLEA Gaertner 
An annual, erect, branched, glabrous herb. Leaves alternate, entire, 
lanceolate. Flowers in dense, lateral and terminal, ovoid- to oblong-cylin- 
dric spikes. Flowers small, bracteate and 2-bracteolate. Calyx limb 5-fid 
Corolla epigynous, 5-lobed. Stamens 5, alternate with the corolla-segments. 
Ovary 2-celled, at first inferior. Capsule one-half inferior, membrana- 
ceous below, the upper part free, depressed, hard, circumsciss. Seeds small, 
numerous. (Diminutive of Greek “wedge.”’) 
A monotypic genus. 
1. S. zeylanica Gaertn. 
An erect branched herb 20 to 60. cm hick Leaves lanceolate, eich ce 
petioled, 4 to 9 cm long, narrowed at both ends, blunt or acute. Spikes 
green, dense, 1 to 4 cm long, 6 to 8 mm in diameter, ovoid- to oblong-cy- 
lindric, apex acute. Calyx green, lobes somewhat enlarged in fruit. ‘Co- 
rolla white, globose-ovoid, about 2.5 mm long and wide. Capsule about 4 
mm in diameter, the calyx-lobes inflexed over the apex. (FI. Filip. pl. 143.) 
In open places about mud-holes, in swamps, etc., fl. Dec—March; widely 
distributed in the Philippines. Tropics generally. 
2. ISOTOMA Lindley 
Erect herbs with alternate, elongated, coarsely toothed or lobed leaves. 
Flowers axillary, elongated. Calyx-tube adnate to the ovary, the limb 
5-partite, the lobes linear to lanceolate. Corolla-tube cylindric, long, the 
lobes 5, spreading. Stamens attached above the middle of the tube, the 
filaments more or less connate, 2 of the anthers crowned with a broad 
rigid or slender bristle, the 3 larger ones naked. Ovary inferior, 2-celled; 
stigma shortly 2-lobed. Capsule ovoid, often oblique, loculicidally 2-valved 
at the apex. Seeds many, small. (Greek “equal” and “a cutting,” in 
allusion to the equal corolla-lobes.) ; 
Species about 8, mostly in Australia, few in tropical America, 1 intro- 
duced in the Philippines. 
*1.I. LONGIFLORA (Mill.) Presl. Estrella (Sp.-Fil.). 
An erect, spreading, branched or simple, nearly glabrous or somewhat 
hairy herb 20 to 50 em high, the stems rather stout. Leaves 10 to 20 cm 
long, alternate, sessile or subsessile, oblanceolate, acute or acuminate, nar- 
