49 
meant by ‘“‘ Dog-grass”’ is doubtful, but pro- 
babiy Cynosurus cristatus. 
(2) The name is sometimes applied to the 
W later-lily, both white, Castalia alba, and yellow, 
Nymphea lutea. 
CANKER. The Dog-rose, Rosa canina. Also 
the galls which grow upon it. See below. 
CANKER-BALL. The mossy or hairy gall or 
‘** bedeguar,”’ often of a bright scarlet colour, found 
upon the Wild Rose, caused by an attack on a 
leaf bud in spring by the gall insect, Rhodites (or 
Cynips) Rose, The growth is popularly known 4s 
Robin’s Pinecushion, and is often carried in the 
pocket as a charm against rheumatism. 
CANKER BERRIES. Hips, fruit of the Wild 
Rose, Rosa canina. 
CANKER RoskE. (1) Same as Canker. 
(2) Same as Canker-hball. 
(3) Dr. Prior gives it also as a name for the 
Field Poppy. Papaver Rheas, in consequence of its 
red colour and its detriment to arable land. 
Mr. T. W. Cowan tells me that this name for the 
Poppy is quite common in the Eastern counties. 
CAPRIFOY. Several correspondents at Shute 
(Devon) give me this as a local name for the 
Woodbine or Honeysuckle, Lonicera Caprifolium. 
One of the old names of the plant was Caprifoly 
or Caprifole (derived from two Latin words 
meaning Goat’s leaf), of which the Shute name 
is a variation. 
CARAVAUN-BEG. Mr. T. W. Cowan gives me 
this as a Somerset name for the Common Self-heal, 
Prunella vulgaris. 
CARDINAL FLOWER. A garden perennial of 
North American origin, having large deep red 
flowers, Lobelia cardinalis. 
CaRLicups. Marsh Marigold, Caltha palvstris 
(Frome). 
CaRLigs. Fircones (Sexey’s School, Bruton). 
CARLINE THISTLE. The usual English name 
for Carlina vulgaris from Carolinus—pertain- 
to Charles. So named after Charlemagne, 
of whom the legend relates ‘‘A_ horrible 
pestilence broke out in his army and carried off 
many thousand men, which greatly troubled the 
pious Emperor. Wherefore he prayed earnestly 
to God, and in his sleep there appeared to him an 
angel, who shot an arrow from a cross- bow, teiling 
him to mark the plant upon which it fell, for that 
with that plant he might cure his army of the 
pestilence. And so it really happened.” The 
herb thus miraculously indicated was this thistle. 
CARNATION GRAss. (1) Mr. F. T. Elworthy 
says this name is given in West Somerset to the 
Hairy Sedge, a common dwarf sedge found in 
