ENGySTOMATIJ).E. 



257 



A considerable nuinbei' of adults were discovered by Messrs. 

 Annandale and Robinson in a tree in the jungle on Bukit Besar. 

 The tree was one of those from the lower part of the trunk of 

 which large buttresses project, and the buttresses had coalesced in 

 pairs, forming cavities containing several gallons of rain-water and 

 dead leaves. The frogs deposit their pigraentless eggs on the 

 trunk in frothy masses about the size of a cricket-ball, a foot or 

 two above the surface of the water in these cavities. The eggs are 

 washed down by tlie rain into the water within three or four days, 

 ■otherwise the froth dries up and the eggs perish. 



This frog bears a striking resemblance to Rliacopliorus lejprosus, 

 and the habits of the two appear to be identical. 



Family ENGYSTOMATID^. 



Jaws toothless ; diapophyses of sacral vertebra dilated. 

 Africa, Eastern Asia, New Guinea, America. 

 Four genera in the Malay Peninsula. 



Synopsis of the Genera. 



I. Prtecoracoids present ; digits not dilated 



at the end ; tympanum usually distinct . Calophrynus, p. 257. 

 II. No prsecoracoids ; digits more or less 

 dilated at the end ; tympanum hidden. 

 Tongue elliptic ; palatine bones not forming a 



sharp ridge Microhyla, p. 258. 



Tongue elliptic or pyriform ; palatine bones 



forming a sharp ridge across palate Callula, p. 263. 



Tongue cordiform Phrynella, p. 265. 



Genus CALOPHRYNUS. 



Tschudi, N. Class. Batr. p. 86 (1838). 



Pupil horizontal. Tongue elliptic, entire and free behind. 

 A more or less distinct dermal ridge across the palate behind 

 the choanse, and two others in front of the oesophagus, the 



posterior always and the others sometimes 



denticulated. Tympanum usually distinct. 



Fingers free ; toes webbed at the base, 



the tips not dilated into regular disks. 



Outer metatarsals united. Praecoracoids 



weak, parallel to the broad coracoids ; 



omosternum and sternum cartilaginous. 



Diapophyses of sacral vertebra moderately 



dilated. 



Southern China, Cochinchina, Burma, 



Siam, Malay Peninsula and Archipelago ; 



Madagascar. 

 A single species in the Malay Peninsula. 



Fig. 72.— Palate of 

 ■Calophrynus pleurostigma. 



