1914] A Study of Dryophanta Erinacei. 3 
obsolete anteriorly; scutellum rufous, punctate and pointed 
posteriorly; metathorax black; abdomen piceous; ventral spine 
and tip of abdomen hairy; legs yellowish rufous, tibia slightly 
darker; wings aborted. 
The insect makes its way to the leaf and flower buds of 
the white oak, where oviposition takes place. On the tree 
where our observations were made, it continued to emerge and 
Oviposit until the twenty-first of November. The insects 
are most active on cold days or early in the morning. During 
the warm weather they are inactive and sluggish, hiding at 
the base of the petioles, in the crotches of the young shoots, 
or in the crevices of the bark. They have been taken in this 
vicinity on rare occasions in early December, but usually they 
succumb to the first heavy frosts at the close of November. 
Its method of oviposition does not differ much from that 
already described by Kieffer for other species of the Cynipidae 
which attack buds. The insect clasps the apical portion of 
the bud with the second pair of legs, (Fig. 3, Pl. I), and pressing 
alternately with the first and third pair produces a teetering 
motion which forces the ovipositor into the buds. The long 
ovipositor lifts the apical edge of the outer scale, and is grad- 
ually pressed down along the edge of succeeding scales, and 
finally thrust into the region of the young leaf and flower. 
Then there is a sudden jerk of the body which curves the distal 
end of the ovipositor, turning the openings against the concave 
face of the innermost scale. The insect now retains a motionless 
attitude for almost four minutes, during which the egg is 
deposited. The ovipositor is then withdrawn, the passage 
being filled with a waxy substance for the protection of the 
egg. This waxy secretion is doubtless from the accessory 
glands of the reproductive system, and is homologous with 
the secretions with which Corydalis cornuta, certain of the 
Lepidoptera, as the Apple Tent-Caterpillar, the Tussock- 
moths, and many other insects cover their eggs. 
The egg, (Fig. 20, Pl. III), is an oval body 400u. x 225n. 
provided with a pedicel which is lmm.inlength. It is attached 
by this pedicel to the upper brown portion of the scale, falling 
either against the green portion of the scale (Fig. 6, Pl. II), 
or being held among the young leaves or flowers, in which 
position it remains during the winter. It is worthy of emphasis 
that this pedicel does not constitute the apical pole of the egg 
