138 Annals Entomological Society of America  [Vol. VII, 
separated from each other, or they may be distributed in 
such a way that some are widely separated and others so 
closely placed that two or three may appear to be continuous. 
The interior of galls containing pupe, or half to full-grown 
larve, can be easily examined by removing the infested petiole 
from the water and holding it between the eye and the light. 
The cavities are not at all uniform in shape. Each has a 
slightly elongated central chamber and one or more side chan- 
nels which are usually just large enough to contain the larva. 
The total space in the gall of a full grown larva is commonly 
three or four times as large as the larva itself. The size of 
the cavity represents the bulk of the food which the larva has 
consumed during its growth and since there is no connection 
with the exterior all of the excrement is deposited within the 
gall. The consumed maiter, as indicated by the amount of 
excrement, does not seem to decrease much in bulk so that 
near the time of pupation the greater part of the gall is filled 
with a brown excreta which almost surrounds the insect. This 
brown excrement has much to do with the brown exterior 
which characterises these excrescences and renders them 
conspicuous. 
The full-grown Larva.—The morphological details of the full- 
grown larva will be included in a future paper which is in 
preparation. Needham’s paper contains a very brief descrip- 
tion of the larva and presents some of the more important 
anatomical details. 
Variation 1n Maturity—An examination of the galls on a 
given petiole often showed differences in the degree of maturity 
and when the larve on such a petiole were extracted and ex- 
amined it was found that they too were not all exactly of 
the same degree of maturity. In some cases part of the number 
had pupated while others on the same petiole were still in the 
active larval stage. It thus appears that some of the larve 
lag behind the others in development and the question arises 
as to how this fact: is to be interpreted. It is conceivable 
that this might result from the deposition of eggs at different 
times by different females, but the writer, after examining a 
large number of such cases, is skeptical of such a possible 
interpretation and believes that in the majority of cases at 
least, all of the galls of. a given petiole are the result of eggs 
laid at one time since, (1) although some of the larve lagged 
