1914] Pupe of Ceratocampide and Hemileucide 297 
Genus Automeris Hiibner. 
Face-parts not noticeably elevated above the body surface; 
antennae pectinate throughout, tapering gradually to a point 
at the distal end, the stem of the flagellum never noticeably 
raised above the level of the pectinations; sexual differences, 
if any, very slight; invaginations for the anterior arms of the 
tentorium obscure; eye-pieces both present; clypeo-labral 
suture usually distinct; maxillae, measured on meson, never 
more than one-sixth the length of the wings, triangular in out- 
line; less than half the exposed tibiae and the tarsi of the first 
pair of legs and tips of the second pair adjacent on the meson; 
second leg visible for almost entire tibial and tarsal length; 
median thoracic line faint, and seldom found on all segments; 
first wing with anal angle broadly rounded, near the cephalic 
margin of fourth abdominal segment; second wing visible 
around the entire dorsal margin of first wing, its margin entire 
and produced around anal angle of first wing to form a promi- 
nent angle on the fourth abdominal segment, scarcely visible 
in ventral view; spiracular line slightly curved ventrad; cephalic 
margins of abdominal segments 5 to 7 with sharp, transverse 
ridges having distinct furrows between, and produced into an 
oblique flange-like plate, generally hidden when segments are 
retracted; abdominal segments 8 to 10 taper gradually to caudal 
end; cremaster always distinct and set with hooked spines. 
This genus includes perhaps more than a dozen species in 
North America of which four species are described here. These 
all spin coccoons. Our common species, A. 70, which is found 
all over the Eastern United States and Mexico, spins a thin 
brown ‘“‘papery’’ cocoon much like Tropaea luna, but thinner 
and more shapeless. They are found on the ground, usually 
with a protecting leaf attached and are thin enough so that the 
pupa may usually be seen through the cocoon. A. pamina is 
described from Arizona and Mexico. Its cocoon is much like 
that of A. 20, with many small leaves securely fastened to it. 
The cocoon of A. tncarnata of Mexico is very similar to the 
preceding forms, but thicker and covered with leaves. The 
cocoon of A. Jeucana is shaped much like that of Samia cecropia 
and covered with small pieces of bark. It is also a Mexican 
species. These four species can be separated by using the 
following table: 
