360 Report S.A.A. Advancement of Science. 



is almost exclusively used for these plantations is Cluster-pine (Piii//s 

 pinaster). This is a tree which has l)ecome completeh naturalized 

 in the South-west of Cape Colony, and which, by means of planta- 

 tions, is spreadinu elsewhere in South Africa. Cluster-pine is lars^ely 

 used for sleepers in the South of France and the North of Spain. 

 It is so hard) and l;t"o\\s so vigorously along the Southern Coast of 

 South Africa that Mr. J. S. Clamble (author of the classical work on 

 Indian timbers) is of opinion that it should be given the preference 

 to Gums in sleejier plajitations. it is spreading self-sown up the crags 

 of Table Mountain, and out over the sands of the Cajie Flats. The 

 Cape Poorest De])artment uses about twelve tons of Cluster-pine seed 

 vearh in its re-foresting operations. So far. it is free from any 

 serious pests, insect or fungoid. From its great enemv. fire, it is 

 protected bv cutting uj) the ])ine plantations, like a chess-board, with 

 protective strips of Ku<-al\])ts. These Eucalvpt fire-lines are ])ro- 

 ductive instead of being a source of expense, and are more effecti\e 

 in arresting sjjarks than the usual cleared or plowed fire-lines. 



The other [)ines thai have grown largeK enough to be now con 

 sidered naturalized are : — 



I'niiis iiisigiiis. or Insignis jjine. 



Piiiiis Jialcpciisis. or Jerusalem ])ine. 



Pimts caiiariensis. or Canarv Islaml pine. 



Piiiiis piiicd. — 'I"he Stone-pine, or L'mbrella-pine. of TtaK. has 

 i)een grown at the Ca])e tor 150 \ears or more; a{)parentlv il was 

 introduce<l before the Cluster-i)ine. but about 25 years ago it was 

 attacked \\\ a fungoid disease — Pcrouospera sp. and has now 

 ceased to ha\e an\ importance as a forest tree. Putiis iiistgiiis 

 suffers Iroin a xarieU o( diseases; il can no longer with safety l)e 

 plante<l in large masses, tor which purjiose its place- mav be taken 

 b\ its home associaie Piiiiis iiinncahi. 'J"he beaut v and rapid growth 

 of the insignis pine will. howe\er. ensure its continueil planting as an 

 ornamental tree. 



The four Pitch-] )ines of the Gulf States of the I'nited States of 

 America are being planlefl with caution. The\ are climatically 

 suited only to ihe wettest parts of the Southern coasl. Thev are :- - 

 Piiiiis ans/rci/is. 



mi/ is. 



ciibciisis. 



tiicda. 



OlllER IREE-S. 



Besides the KucaKpts and I'ines a great varietx of other trees 

 are being ])lanted in Cape Colonv. It would take too 



long even to enumerate these. The Cedars alone would 

 require a paper to themselves to describe. About twentv- 

 five sjjecies yielding Cedar or Cedar-like wfvod are under cul- 

 tivation. These are absolutelv the most valuable timbers grown in 

 South Africa, but thev have not the economic importance of the 

 Kucalvijts and Pines on accouiit of their slow urowth. These trees 



