486 



Report S.A.A. Advancement of Science. 



In many ruins the original floor level was considerably below 

 the present level. Instances are reported by Hall and Neal of suc- 

 cessive layers of concrete floors one above the other. As in some 

 cases skeletons have been found between these layers, it is inferred 

 that important men were buried in this manner, the new floor being 

 used until subsequent interment made another layer necessary. This 

 may have been the case to a certain extent, but it is also quite clear 

 that many ruins were partly filled up by Kafir tribes and used as 

 sites for their huts or kraals. 



As there is no evidence that any of these enclosures were 

 roofed over, it is conjectured that the old builders lived in circular 

 huts with clay or concrete walls, strengthened by hard wood posts, 

 the roof being probably of grass, and of the beehive type. 



KHAMI RUINS. RECESS OR RIGHT ON MAIN ENTRANCE. 



Platforms of nearly circular or rough oval shapes are found, 

 covered with concrete, and sometimes approached by two or more 

 steps running all round the platform. These steps are generally 

 formed by a roughly laid ring of stones covered with a thick layer 

 of concrete, rounded off at the edges. The same class of concrete 

 is often found, covering over, to a thickness of 5 or 6 inches, the 

 more roughly-built interior walls, and as the concrete is coloured 

 dark red, the general appearance of these buildings when in good 

 preservation must have been very effective. 



