2 I'Ki;Sll)i:XT S ADDKKSS. 



lor tlieir ])rogress and (le\-elupineiit. Jialia fara dc sc : Italy iiiu>t, 

 as tlie old saying goes, work oiu lier (jwn ^al\'ation. and thev in 

 their turn, deserted necessaril}- l^y the (lo\-ernnKMit. would have 

 to work out their v,\\\\ sah.-ation." 



While Lord Rosebery was referring to the Universit}' of 

 London and jjrobably intended to sitggest that a new universit\'. 

 well vUfJowed. would be a luxiu'w his speeeh was taken to mean 

 that e\'cr_\- university was a luxury, and this \"iew was strongly 

 challenged. At the next meeting of the British Association for 

 the Advancement of Science, for instance, the General Committee 

 ado])ted the following resolution. : " That the British Association 

 for tltc Advancement of Science, beheving that the higher editca- 

 tion (if th.e nation is of sitpreme im])ortance in the ])resent crisis 

 of our h.isiory. trusts that llis Majesty's Government will, by 

 ':ontinuing its financial su|)port. niaintain the efficiency of teach- 

 ing and research in the ttnixersities and universit\- colleges of 

 the United Kingdom"; and. again, shortly after, in re])l\- to 

 Leeds L'niversit}', the King said: " His Majesty feels that the 

 assistance of the universities is a great asset to the catise for 

 which we are fighting, as science ])lavs such a j^ronn'nent ])art in 

 modern warfare." 



Xcw tnfiversities have been fotmded in time of war ; the 

 L'n.\er.^ity of Leyden, founded in 1575 as a reward to the inhab- 

 itants for their cotirageous defence against the S])aniards, and 

 the L'niversitv of Berlin, founded in 1809 wh.cn I'rtissia was 

 tmclcr the heel of Nai^oleon. are sti"iking exam])les. The Union 

 of South Africa is not as Llolland in 1575 or Prussia in 1809. and 

 it is not a i)arallel case that in this _\-ear c.i war 1916 there have 

 been three universities; fotmded in Sotith Africa, the L'niversity 

 of South Africa, the Universit}- of Ua])eto\\n. and the University 

 of Stellenbosch.. They are also not new foundations, for the 

 r.ecor>d is based on the ."^ontli African lollege, the last on the 

 \'ict(iria College, and the lii"sl or. the present examining university 

 \\ith the other teaching colleges, including the !^chool of Mines. 

 This federal tini\ersit\' ma\' not ])rove a permanent arrangement, 

 new uni\ersities may arise from it. The Uni\'ersities of Cape- 

 town and Stellenbosch are universities such as those founded 

 lateh' in j-jigland and the Scotch tuiiversities, and the\' are basetl 

 on colleges which go l)ack in one case for 87 years, and in the 

 other for ,^<;. [n a recent book''' on >';de University, th.e atithor 

 writes: " There is a wide-spread ft-eling in .America that a great 

 uni\ersit\' can be created anywhere in a year by adeqtiate gifts 



of n)()ne\- \s a matter of fact, a collegiate foundation 



can (inl\ ha\e it> deepest eilect a tier its character and ideals 

 ha\'e become firmK- established 1)\' a long ])eriod ot corporate life. 

 L'or the ])ur])ose of thi.s study few .\merica]i universities can meet 

 the threefold tests which could be successfull\- ai)i)lied in England 

 to ()xford and Cambridge- -infiuence on the nation's history. 

 breadth of constituency and established standing in the public 



■ " .Mi-iii(iri;iL i>f l'"miiuMit \:\\v Men." 1i\ A. I'. St^ko. 



