126 I'KESIDENTIAL ADDRESS SK.CTION D. 



6. The hoarding of other days for tlie purchase of cattle is 



being superseded by extraAagance, and indebtedness is 

 universal. 



7. lulucation, including higher education and some indus- 



trial efficiency, is increasing rapidly. 



8. Concr.rrently witli the cd.ucation in good, there is an 



education in evil going on. and morals and manners are 

 deteriorating. 



9. The sanctions and control> of ancient days are losing 



their force, and excepting in the case of those under 

 the guidance of the missionaries, nothing is taking the 

 place of these salutary restraints. 



10. The immense increase of wealth in South .Africa, due t(» 

 the discovery of the \\ itwatersrand gold field, has 

 mainly been secured b\- the white man. The wages of 

 the native ha\-e risen considerablw Imt his wants have 

 increased, the demands upon him are heavier, and with 

 the loss of his cattle he i> ]»oorer th.an before. 



ij. Both by law and custom the efficient native is prevented 

 from rising and obtaining the renmneration he could 

 otherwise earn. 



12. In large part due to the presence of the native a consider- 

 able number of the whites have deteriorated and are 

 now living on the exj)loitation of the native and pan- 

 dering to his ])assions. 



This summary, and I do not think it exaggerated, sureh' 

 shows the tremendous change that iias and is still taking place 

 with accelerated speed, and the })rofound influence the changed 

 circumstances are having on South African society. The out- 

 look for the native people is one demanding the most careful 

 attention, and there are points of coiUact between the races 

 which show signs of strain which .sljijuld be seriously considered 

 and kept in view by people and (iovernment if some sudden racial 

 movement is not to take the coiuitry by sur])rise and lead ii> 

 tragic ha}>])enings. 



Under representative institutions the needs and desires ot 

 the electors have first call u])on (iovernment attention, and neither 

 Parliament nor the Executive may take up cjuestions, however 

 important, which have no present interest for the constituencies. 

 It is of little use to expect I'arliament as Parliament, or Govern- 

 ment as (iovernment. to take thought on this (|uestion. however 

 much individual members of rarliament or (iovenmient 

 niav recognise its paramount importance, and however 

 much thev may individuall\ desiie to do so. We must also 

 recognise that a body such as I'arliameiU is. by its very constitu- 

 tion, unfitted for the calm, impartial, scientific study which is 

 necessary to enable us to arrive at soiuul conclusions on such an 

 extraordinarily complex social pro|)leni as the one before us. 



