II. II. w. ri:.\i<S()X. 355 



20. ■' Plants and their fuud." Kiioiclcai^i- ( kjck)). 



27. "On sonic species of Discliidia, with doulile pitchers. "' Joitrii. Linn. 



Soc, 35, 375-390, pi. 9 (190J). 



28. '■ The donhle pitchers of Dischiiiia Sliclfordii." .binals of Botuny. 17, 



617-618 ( 1903). 



29. " The Teacliing of P>otan\ ." h'cf^orl of S..!. .Issoc. for .\di\ i<f Sc. 



Capetown (1903). 



30. "'Notes on Sontli African Cycads."' Trans. S..I. f'liil. Snc, 16, 341- 



354. pi. vi-viii. ng. 1 (1906). 

 •31. "On the Rooihloeni (Isona or VVitchweed )." Dei)t. of Agric. nf 



Union of S. Africa. lUdl. .\o. 30, pp. 1-7 (1912). 

 ;_'. ■■ 'llie prolilcm of the VVitchweed." Dept. of .Agric. of I'nion of S. 



.Africa. Ilnll. .\'o. 40, pp. 34 (1913). 



33. '■ OI)servations on tlie internal temperatures of Eul^Iiorhiii virosa and 



Aloe dicliotO)iHi:" Ann.ils lh>his Herb.. 1, 41-66 (photos and 

 charts) (IQ14). 



34. ■' Comniunication on the experimental use of plants for fixing moving 



sand." I'roe. .S. A. Soc. of Civil Eniiineers. 26^-270 (i9!5). 



J. W. Bkws. 



Early Man.— Dr. .\. .Smith Woodward, I'.K..S.. F.I..S., 

 Past-President of the (leological Society, contributes to the (/>o- 

 logical Mai/a::iue* a short discussion and criticism of some of 

 the theories ptit forward in relation to more recent 

 Ettropean discoveries of I'aL'eolithic man. The writer Ijegins 

 by i)rotesting against the false appearance of knowledge which, 

 he declares. Prof. Osborti, in his book " Men of the old Stone 

 .\ge — their Environment. Life, and .Art" provides for the 

 unwary reader who does not understand geology, by assigning 

 dates to the sitccessive episodes which he recognises in his 

 atten'i])ted correlatioii of all the discoveries referred to. There 

 is no real scientific basis. Dr. Smith Woodward says, for any 

 of the statements made by Prof. Osborn in asserting that 

 " Heidelberg man is nearly twice as ancient as the Piltdowm man, 

 while PitJiecanthropus ( Trinil Race) is fotir times as ancient," 

 and that the Piltdown man is " four times as ancient as the final 

 type of Neanderthal man belonging to the Mottsterian indtistrial 

 stage." f^illicainfhropii.s\ Dr. Woodward has reason to sus])ect, 

 was really a gigantic and precocious gibbon. Prof. r)sI)orn 

 supjMjses that Homo heidelbcrgcnsis is next in anticpiity to Pithe- 

 canthropus, while Eoanthropiis dan'soui (Piltdown man) flour- 

 ished much later. Dr. Woodward declares himself unable to 

 a])preciate the reason for this supposition, and remarks that 

 such an opinion can only be fotinded on negative evidence. All 

 the mammalian remains fotind in the IMltdown gravel, he avers, 

 are so fragmentary in condition, and several are so obviously 

 derived from an older stratum, that they are insufficient to date 

 Eoanthroptis with exactness. The unravelling of the story of 

 early man. Dr. Woodward says in his concluding paragraph, is 

 indeed a continual struggle with the fragmentary evidence of 

 casual discoveries, and mttch of it still consists iti the i)alancing 

 of probabilities. 



•4 [I] (1917, 1-4). 



